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raspiblitz/ci/README.md
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ci: UEFI image generation and build updates (#4033) 
* ci: use uefi for amd64 image, debian 12.1.0
* build: add amd64 legacyboot image action
* ci: store var values in config, update readme
* fix: add raspi repo on aarch64 only
fixes: https://github.com/raspiblitz/raspiblitz/issues/4029
* docs: guide to extend the root partition
2023-07-30 10:51:33 +02:00

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Automated builds

Table of Contents

Local build

with the Makefile

  • needs ~20 GB free space
  • tested on:
    • Ubuntu Live (jammy)
    • Debian Bullseye Desktop
  • Preparation: 
    # change to a mountpoint with sufficient space (check with 'df -h')
cd $HOME/
# switch to root
sudo su
# install git and make
apt update && apt install -y git make
# download the repo (or your fork)
git clone https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz
cd raspiblitz
# checkout the desired branch
git checkout dev

Generate an arm64-rpi image

  • The workflow locally and in github actions generates a .img raw format image for the Raspberry Pi. 
    make arm-rpi-lean-image
  • find the image and sha256 hashes in the ci/arm64-rpi/packer-builder-arm directory
  • the .img.gz file can be written to an SDcard directly with Balena Etcher

Generate an amd64 image

  • The workflow locally and in github actions generates a .qcow2 format amd64 image.
  • When finished find the compressed .qcow2 image and sha256 hashes in the ci/amd64/builds directory

amd64-lean-desktop-uefi-image

  • lean image, Gnome desktop, UEFI boot
  • Tested with
    • written to disk and booted with UEFI
    make amd64-lean-desktop-uefi-image

amd64-lean-server-legacyboot-image

  • lean image, no desktop (cli only), legacy boot for old computers
  • Tested with
    • libvirt / virsh / virt-manager (https://virt-manager.org/)
    • written to disk and booted with legacy boot (non-UEFI / CSM mode)
    amd64-lean-server-legacyboot-image

Images generated in github actions

Write the image to a disk connected with USB

Convert the qcow2 volume to a raw disk image

  • the raw image is 30GB 
    # unzip
gzip -dkv raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.qcow2.gz
# convert
qemu-img convert ./raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.qcow2 ./raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.img

Write to a disk connected with USB with Balena Etcher or dd

  • identify the connected disk with lsblk eg,: /dev/sdk
  • Balena Etcher to write the .img to disk
  • dd to write the .img to disk 
    disk="/dev/sdk"
sudo dd if=./raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.img of=${disk} bs=4M status=progress
  • qemu-image dd to write the .qcow2 directly to disk 
    sudo apt install -y qemu-utils
disk="/dev/sdk"
sudo qemu-img dd if=./raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.qcow2 of=${disk} bs=4M

The first boot

Lean image with Gnome desktop (default image)

  • log in on screen:
    • username: admin
    • password: raspiblitz
  • start a terminal for guidance
  • connect with ssh over the LAN
    • username: admin
    • password: raspiblitz

Lean server image without Gnome desktop

  • press any key to get to a login prompt after the splash screen
    • username: admin
    • password: raspiblitz

Add Gnome desktop to the server image (optional)

  • Connect to the internet (easiest to plug in a LAN cable - use a USB - LAN adapter if have no port) 
    apt install gnome
systemctl start gdm

Fatpack images

  • can open a browser and go to:
  • can also open the WebUI on another computer
    • Find the the RaspiBlitz_IP in your router dashboard, in the terminal prompt or with hostname -I
    • open: http://RaspiBlitz_IP

Extend the root partition (optional - recommended)

  • The default image is 30GB. The partition can be extended to the full size of the disk.
  • The lvm partition can be extended while mounted so this step can be done later as well while the system is running.
  • CLI (recommended) 
    # identify the USB connected disk
lsblk
df -h
# select the disk carefully
disk="/dev/sde"
# resize the extended partition to the full size of the disk
sudo parted ${disk} -- resizepart 2 100%
# resize the lvm partition to the full size of the disk
sudo parted ${disk} -- resizepart 5 100%
# extend the physical volume to size of the lvm partition
sudo pvresize ${disk}5
# extend the root lvm to the full free space and resize the filesystem
sudo lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/raspiblitz--amd64--vg-root
  • GUI with GParted 
    # install
sudo apt install gparted
# start the gparted GUI
sudo gparted
# resize the extended partition to the full size of the disk
# extend the lvm to the full free space and resize the filesystem (extends the swap space by default)
# in CLI: extend the root lvm
sudo lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/raspiblitz--amd64--vg-root

Add wifi (optional)

  • if the wifi driver is included in the FOSS Debian distro
  • in the command line run the network manager interface to connect: 
    sudo nmtui

Add wifi driver (optional)

Workflow notes

The github workflow files are the equivalent of the Makefile commands run locally. The local repo owner (GITHUB_ACTOR) and branch (GITHUB_HEAD_REF) is picked up. The build_sdcard.sh is downloaded from the source branch and built with the options pack=[lean|fatpack] to set fatpack=[0|1].

The github workflow is running the job in an ubuntu-22.04 image.

The amd64 image is built with running a qemu VM

  • installs the base OS (Debian)
  • connects with ssh and runs the scripts including the build_sdcard.sh

The arm64-rpi image generation runs in Docker in github actions and without Docker locally.

  • the base image (RaspberryOS) is started in the qemu VM
  • Packer runs the build_sdcard.sh directly in the VM

After the image is built (and there is no exit with errors) the next steps are:

  • compute checksum of the qemu/raw image
  • compress the image with gzip
  • compute checksum of the compressed image
  • (in github actions: upload the artifacts in one .zip file)

VNC

  • can follow the setup locally in VNC with the port stated in the first part of the logs eg: Found available VNC port: 5900 on IP: 127.0.0.1

Packer settings

  • disk_size / image_size - the size op the raw image. The .qcow2 file is compressed.
  • template - image filename
  • output_directory - directory under builds where the image will be placed
  • the pi user is given passwordless sudo access and used for the image setup
  • use file_checksum instead of file_checksum_url. The image must be downloaded and verified with PGP manually to fill the field: 
    # image
wget https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_arm64/images/raspios_arm64-2022-09-26/2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz
# signature
wget https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_arm64/images/raspios_arm64-2022-09-26/2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz.sig
# hash
wget https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_arm64/images/raspios_arm64-2022-09-26/2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz.sha256

curl https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberrypi_downloads.gpg.key | gpg --import

sha256sum -c 2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz.sha256 && \
gpg --verify 2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz.sig

cat 2022-09-22-raspios-bullseye-arm64.img.xz.sha256

Flashing

  • using qemu-img dd bs=4M if=raspiblitz-amd64-debian-lean.qcow2 of=/dev/sdd changed the UUID so it won't boot without editing GRUB