0c520679ab doc: add release notes for `abandoned` field in `gettransaction` and `listtransactions` (brunoerg)
a1aaa7f51f rpc, wallet: add `abandoned` field for all categories of transactions in ListTransactions (brunoerg)
Pull request description:
Fixes#25130
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
re-ACK 0c520679ab
Tree-SHA512: 1864460d76decab7898737c96517d722055eb8f81ca52248fe1035723258c6cd4a93251e06a86ecbbb0b0a80af1466b2c86fb142ace4ccb74cc40d5dc3967d7f
bf77fc9cb4 [test] mempool full in package accept (glozow)
b51ebccc28 [validation] set PackageValidationState when mempool full (glozow)
563a2ee4f5 [policy] disallow transactions under min relay fee, even in packages (glozow)
c4554fe894 [test] package cpfp bumps parents <mempoolminfee but >=minrelaytxfee (glozow)
ac463e87df [test util] mock mempool minimum feerate (glozow)
Pull request description:
Part of package relay, see #27463.
Note that this still allows packages to bump transactions that are below the dynamic mempool minimum feerate, which means this still solves the "mempool is congested and my presigned 1sat/vB tx is screwed" problem for all transactions.
On master, the package policy (only accessible through regtest-only RPC submitpackage) allows 0-fee (or otherwise below min relay feerate) transactions if they are bumped by a child. However, with default package limits, we don't yet have a DoS-resistant way of ensuring these transactions remain bumped throughout their time in the mempool. Primarily, the fee-bumping child may later be replaced by another transaction that doesn't bump the parent(s). The parent(s) could potentially stay bumped by other transactions, but not enough to ever be selected by the `BlockAssembler` (due to `blockmintxfee`).
For example, (tested [here](https://github.com/glozow/bitcoin/commits/26933-motivation)):
- The mempool accepts 24 below-minrelayfeerate transactions ("0-fee parents"), all bumped by a single high-fee transaction ("the fee-bumping child"). The fee-bumping child also spends a confirmed UTXO.
- Two additional children are added to each 0-fee parent. These children each pay a feerate slightly above the minimum relay feerate (e.g. 1.9sat/vB) such that, for each 0-fee parent, the total fees of its two children divided by the total size of the children and parent is above the minimum relay feerate.
- If a block template is built now, all transactions would be selected.
- A transaction replaces the the fee-bumping child, spending only the confirmed UTXO and not any of the outputs from the 0-fee parents.
- The 0-fee parents now each have 2 children. Their descendant feerates are above minrelayfeerate, which means that they remain in the mempool, even if the mempool evicts all below-minrelayfeerate packages.
- If a block template is built now, none of the 0-fee parents or their children would be selected.
- Even more low-feerate descendants can be added to these below-minrelayfeerate packages and they will not be evicted until they expire or the mempool reaches capacity.
Unless we have a DoS-resistant way of ensuring package CPFP-bumped transactions are always bumped, allowing package CPFP to bump below-minrelayfeerate transactions can result in these problematic situations. See #27018 which proposes a partial solution with some limitations, and contains discussion about potential improvements to eviction strategy. While no adequate solution exists, for now, avoid these situations by requiring all transactions to meet min relay feerate.
ACKs for top commit:
ajtowns:
reACK bf77fc9cb4
instagibbs:
re-ACK bf77fc9cb4
Tree-SHA512: 28940f41493a9e280b010284316fb8caf1ed7b2090ba9a4ef8a3b2eafc5933601074b142f4f7d4e3c6c4cce99d3146f5c8e1393d9406c6f2070dd41c817985c9
a2bef805c1 kernel: update m_assumed_* chain params for 25.x (fanquake)
4128e01dba kernel: update chainTxData for 25.x (fanquake)
00b2b114b4 kernel: update nMinimumChainWork & defaultAssumeValid for 25.x (fanquake)
07fcc0a82c doc: update references to kernel/chainparams.cpp (fanquake)
Pull request description:
Update chainparams pre `25.x` branch off.
Co-Author in the commits as a PR (#27223) had previously been opened too-early to do the same.
Note: Remember that some variance is expected in the `m_assumed_*` sizes.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK a2bef805c1
josibake:
ACK a2bef805c1
gruve-p:
ACK a2bef805c1
dergoegge:
ACK a2bef805c1 on the new mainnet params
Tree-SHA512: 0b19c2ef15c6b15863d6a560a1053ee223057c7bfb617ffd3400b1734cee8f75bc6fd7f04d8f8e3f5af6220659a1987951a1b36945d6fe17d06972004fd62610
Avoid adding transactions below min relay feerate because, even if they
were bumped through CPFP when entering the mempool, we do not have a
DoS-resistant way of ensuring they always remain bumped. In the future,
this rule can be relaxed (e.g. to allow packages to bump 0-fee
transactions) if we find a way to do so.
7ccdd741fe test: fix importmulti/importdescriptors assertion (Jon Atack)
19d888ce40 rpc: move WALLET_FLAG_CAVEATS to the compilation unit of its caller (Jon Atack)
01df011ca2 doc: release note for wallet RPCs "warning" field deprecation (Jon Atack)
9ea8b3739a test: createwallet "warning" field deprecation test (Jon Atack)
645d7f75ac rpc: deprecate "warning" field in {create,load,unload,restore}wallet (Jon Atack)
2f4a926e95 test: add test coverage for "warnings" field in createwallet (Jon Atack)
4a1e479ca6 rpc: add "warnings" field to RPCs {create,load,unload,restore}wallet (Jon Atack)
079d8cdda8 rpc: extract wallet "warnings" fields to a util helper (Jon Atack)
f73782a903 doc: fix/improve warning helps in {create,load,unload,restore}wallet (Jon Atack)
Pull request description:
Based on discussion and concept ACKed in #27138, add a `warnings` field to RPCs createwallet, loadwallet, unloadwallet, and restorewallet as a JSON array of strings to replace the `warning` string field in these 4 RPCs. The idea is to more gracefully handle multiple warning messages and for consistency with other wallet RPCs. Then, deprecate the latter fields, which represent all the remaining RPC `warning` fields.
The first commit f73782a903 implements https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/27138#issuecomment-1474789198 as an alternative to #27138. One of those two could potentially be backported to our currently supported releases.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 7ccdd741fe
1440000bytes:
utACK 7ccdd741fe
vasild:
ACK 7ccdd741fe
pinheadmz:
re-ACK 7ccdd741fe
Tree-SHA512: 314e0a4c41fa383d95e2817bfacf359d449e460529d235c3eb902851e2f4eacbabe646d9a5a4beabc4964cdfabf6397ed8301366a58d344a2f787f83b75e9d64
6b17994ede doc: update OpenBSD build docs for 7.3 (external signer support available) (Sebastian Falbesoner)
Pull request description:
With OpenBSD 7.3, the waitid(2) system call is implemented (see 8112871f19, first mentioned kernel improvement at https://www.openbsd.org/73.html).
This means Boost.Process finally doesn't fail to compile anymore and we can remove the build hint about missing external signer support. Tested on my amd64 machine by reconfiguring / rebuilding master branch and successfully running the functional test wallet_signer.py. ✔️
ACKs for top commit:
fanquake:
ACK 6b17994ede - haven't tested, but looks good to me.
Tree-SHA512: 5bbcecce4ced38d8221f2c906a54667e50317e9ded182554cf73bb7f2fce55a38e53730eca25f813cff1d2d65c94141eb158d40f83228d12dcf859c16a1798b9
With OpenBSD 7.3, the waitid(2) system call is implemented (see
8112871f19).
This means Boost.Process finally doesn't fail to compile anymore and we
can remove the build hint about missing external signer support. Tested
on my amd64 machine by reconfiguring / rebuilding master branch and
successfully running the functional test wallet_signer.py.
a12d9cfa46 doc: correct sqlite & qrencode versions used in depenendencies.md (fanquake)
Pull request description:
Followup to https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/27312 & https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/25378.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK a12d9cfa46
hebasto:
ACK a12d9cfa46, I have reviewed the code and it looks OK, I agree it can be merged.
jarolrod:
ACK a12d9cfa46
Tree-SHA512: 29e1fe4c31089fce6acbadb14aa7619fdd55738a882b490f1a0835d7648798a68b4f0d62e213c60d92f8e021ea856a4d1759578da07413265fef2338840da506
499c464394 doc: update DataDirectoryGroupReadable 1 in tor.md (Jesse Barton)
Pull request description:
Updating tor.md doc to include mention of FreeBSD requiring the DataDirectoryGroupReadable be set to 1.
Default per the FreeBSD man page is 0.
DataDirectoryGroupReadable 0|1
If this option is set to 0, don't allow the filesystem groupto
readthe DataDirectory. If the option is setto 1, make the
DataDirectory readable by the default GID. (Default:0)
ACKs for top commit:
vasild:
ACK 499c464394
Tree-SHA512: 8750b49cd04e900435c7991d1a24641fd1171227c1f14ed59afb157f24c1ca60380d30aecfb174ca46fd5b4b99dcdb3a1cfd019aafc343362e8103abf7c17e6a
Move DataDirectoryGroupReadable 1 up a few lines to more clearly
communicate that it is required for the filesystem group to read the
DataDirectory.
Per the Tor documentation
https://2019.www.torproject.org/docs/tor-manual.html.en#DataDirectoryGroupReadable
"If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read
the DataDirectory. If the option is set to 1, make the DataDirectory
readable by the default GID. (Default: 0)"
fabb95e7bf doc: add release note for 26899 (brunoerg)
c84c5f6e89 p2p: set `-dnsseed` and `-listen` false if `maxconnections=0` (brunoerg)
Pull request description:
If `maxconnections=0`, it means our possible connections are going to be manual (e.g via `addnode`). For this reason, we can skip DNS seeds and set `listen` false.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK fabb95e7bf
vasild:
ACK fabb95e7bf
1440000bytes:
reACK fabb95e7bf
Tree-SHA512: 33919a784723a32450f39ee4f6de3e27cc7c7f4c6ab4b8ce673981d461df334197deaf43e3f882039fa1ac36b2fddc6c6ab4413512d6c393d4a6865302dd05e7
4b7aec2951 Add mempool tracepoints (virtu)
Pull request description:
This PR adds multiple mempool tracepoints.
| tracepoint | description |
| ------------- | ------------- |
| `mempool:added` | Is called when a transaction enters the mempool |
| `mempool:removed` | ... when a transaction is removed from the mempool |
| `mempool:replaced` | ... when a transaction is replaced in the mempool |
| `mempool:rejected` | ... when a transaction is rejected from entering the mempool |
The tracepoints are further documented in `docs/tracing.md`. Usage is demonstrated in the example script `contrib/tracing/mempool_monitor.py`. Interface tests are provided in `test/functional/interface_usdt_mempool.py`.
The rationale for passing the removal reason as a string instead of numerically is that the benefits of not having to maintain a redundant enum-string mapping seem to outweigh the small cost of string generation. The reject reason is passed as string as well, although in this instance the string does not have to be generated but is readily available.
ACKs for top commit:
0xB10C:
ACK 4b7aec2951
achow101:
ACK 4b7aec2951
Tree-SHA512: 6deb3ba2d1a061292fb9b0f885f7a5c4d11b109b838102d8a8f4828cd68f5cd03fa3fc64adc6fdf54a08a1eaccce261b0aa90c2b8c33cd5fd3828c8f74978958
Tracepoints for added, removed, replaced, and rejected transactions.
The removal reason is passed as string instead of a numeric value, since
the benefits of not having to maintain a redundant enum-string mapping
seem to outweigh the small cost of string generation. The reject reason
is passed as string as well, although here the string does not have to
be generated but is readily available.
So far, tracepoint PRs typically included two demo scripts: a naive
bpftrace script to show raw tracepoint data and a bcc script for a more
refined view. However, as some of the ongoing changes to bpftrace
introduce a certain degree of unreliability (running some of the
existing bpftrace scripts was not possible with standard kernels and
bpftrace packages on latest stable Ubuntu, Debian, and NixOS), this PR
includes only a single bcc script that fuses the functionality of former
bpftrace and bcc scripts.
1ff5d61dfd doc: add mempool/contents rest verbose and mempool_sequence args (Andrew Toth)
52a31dccc9 tests: mempool/contents verbose and mempool_sequence query params tests (Andrew Toth)
a518fff0f2 rest: add verbose and mempool_sequence query params for mempool/contents (Andrew Toth)
Pull request description:
The verbose mempool json response can get very large. This adds an option to return the non-verbose response of just the txids. It is identical to the rpc response so the diff here is minimal. This also adds the mempool_sequence parameter for rpc consistency. Verbose defaults to true to remain backwards compatible.
It uses query parameters to be compatible with the efforts in https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/25752.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 1ff5d61dfd
stickies-v:
re-ACK [1ff5d61](1ff5d61dfd)
pablomartin4btc:
tested ACK 1ff5d61dfd.
Tree-SHA512: 1bf08a7ffde2e7db14dc746e421feedf17d84c4b3f1141e79e36feb6014811dfde80e1d8dbc476c15ff705de2d3c967b3081dcd80536d76b7edf888f1a92e9d1
da347de530 doc: update broken links (pablomartin4btc)
Pull request description:
References to `utilstrencodings` and `lint-locale-dependence.sh` where incorrect, updating them accordingly.
Also, adding another reference to util function [`LocaleIndependentAtoi`](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/util/strencodings.h#L108-L118), which is related with the updated section of the guide:
```
// LocaleIndependentAtoi is provided for backwards compatibility reasons.
//
// New code should use ToIntegral or the ParseInt* functions
// which provide parse error feedback.
//
// The goal of LocaleIndependentAtoi is to replicate the defined behaviour of
// std::atoi as it behaves under the "C" locale, and remove some undefined
// behavior. If the parsed value is bigger than the integer type's maximum
// value, or smaller than the integer type's minimum value, std::atoi has
// undefined behavior, while this function returns the maximum or minimum
// values, respectively.
```
ACKs for top commit:
MarcoFalke:
lgtm ACK da347de530
Tree-SHA512: c8f4cd9cff1fb3ea367ac9dbe5aa45dc187fc60114f2e2106e02e0e17fea4ee34d6e0c408fe920c2d8765e06b4dc30c231f0454fa35469c4399e0cadbcd341ba
54c4d03578 doc: Show how less noisy clang-tidy output can be achieved (TheCharlatan)
Pull request description:
Adds a paragraph to the clang-tidy section explaining how to de-noise its output. By default clang-tidy will print errors arrising from included headers in leveldb and other dependencies. By passing `--enable-suppress-external-warnings` flag to configure, errors arising from external dependencies are suppressed. Additional errors arrising from internal dependencies such as leveldb are suppressed by passing the `src/.bear-tidy-config` configuration file to bear. This file includes exclusionary rules for leveldb.
ACKs for top commit:
MarcoFalke:
utACK 54c4d03578
Tree-SHA512: c3dd8fb0600157582a38365a587e02e1d249fb246d6b8b4949a800fd05d3473dee49e2a4a556c60e51d6508feff810024e55fe09f5a0875f560fde30f3b6817c
b082f28101 rpc, wallet: use the same `next_index` in listdescriptors and importdescriptors (w0xlt)
Pull request description:
Currently `listdescriptors` RPC uses `next` key to represent `WalletDescriptor::next_index` while `importdescriptors` uses `next_index`. This creates two different descriptor formats.
This PR changes `listdescriptors` to use the same key as `importdescriptors`.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK b082f28101
aureleoules:
reACK b082f28101
Tree-SHA512: c29ec59051878e614d749ed6dc85e5c14ad00db0e8fcbce3f5066d1aae85ef07ca70f02920299e48d191b7387024fe224b0054c4191a5951cb805106f7b8e37b
2b373fe49d docs: update assumeutxo.md (James O'Beirne)
87a1108c81 test: add snapshot completion unittests (James O'Beirne)
d70919a88f refactor: make MempoolMutex() public (James O'Beirne)
7300ced9de log: add LoadBlockIndex() message for assumedvalid blocks (James O'Beirne)
d96c59cc5c validation: add ChainMan logic for completing UTXO snapshot validation (James O'Beirne)
f2a4f3376f move-only-ish: init: factor out chainstate initialization (James O'Beirne)
637a90b973 add Chainstate::HasCoinsViews() (James O'Beirne)
c29f26b47b validation: add CChainState::m_disabled and ChainMan::isUsable (James O'Beirne)
5ee22cdafd add ChainstateManager.GetSnapshot{BaseHeight,BaseBlock}() (James O'Beirne)
Pull request description:
This is part of the [assumeutxo project](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/projects/11) (parent PR: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/15606)
Part two of replacing https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/24232.
---
When a user activates a snapshot, the serialized UTXO set data is used to create an "assumed-valid" chainstate, which becomes active in an attempt to get the node to network tip as quickly as possible. Simultaneously in the background, the already-existing chainstate continues "conventional" IBD to both accumulate full block data and serve as a belt-and-suspenders to validate the assumed-valid chainstate.
Once the background chainstate's tip reaches the base block of the snapshot used, we set `m_stop_use` on that chainstate and immediately take the hash of its UTXO set; we verify that this matches the assumeutxo value in the source code. Note that while we ultimately want to remove this background chainstate, we don't do so until the following initialization process, when we again check the UTXO set hash of the background chainstate, and if it continues to match, we remove the (now unnecessary) background chainstate, and move the (previously) assumed-valid chainstate into its place. We then reinitialize the chainstate in the normal way.
As noted in previous comments, we could do the filesystem operations "inline" immediately when the background validation completes, but that's basically just an optimization that saves disk space until the next restart. It didn't strike me as worth the risk of moving chainstate data around on disk during runtime of the node, though maybe my concerns are overblown.
The final result of this completion process is a fully-validated chain, where the only evidence that the user synced using assumeutxo is the existence of a `base_blockhash` file in the `chainstate` directory.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 2b373fe49d
Tree-SHA512: a204e1d6e6932dd83c799af3606b01a9faf893f04e9ee1a36d63f2f1ccfa9118bdc1c107d86976aa0312814267e6a42074bf3e2bf1dead4b2513efc6d955e13d
7013da07fb Add release note for PR#25943 (David Gumberg)
04f270b435 Add test for unspendable transactions and parameter 'maxburnamount' to sendrawtransaction. (David Gumberg)
Pull request description:
This PR adds a user configurable, zero by default parameter — `maxburnamount` — to `sendrawtransaction`. This PR makes bitcoin core reject transactions that contain unspendable outputs which exceed `maxburnamount`. closes#25899.
As a result of this PR, `sendrawtransaction` will by default block 3 kinds of transactions:
1. Those that begin with `OP_RETURN` - (datacarriers)
2. Those whose lengths exceed the script limit.
3. Those that contain invalid opcodes.
The user is able to configure a `maxburnamount` that will override this check and allow a user to send a potentially unspendable output into the mempool.
I see two legitimate use cases for this override:
1. Users that deliberately use `OP_RETURN` for datacarrier transactions that embed data into the blockchain.
2. Users that refuse to update, or are unable to update their bitcoin core client would be able to make use of new opcodes that their client doesn't know about.
ACKs for top commit:
glozow:
reACK 7013da07fb
achow101:
re-ACK 7013da07fb
Tree-SHA512: f786a796fb71a587d30313c96717fdf47e1106ab4ee0c16d713695e6c31ed6f6732dff6cbc91ca9841d66232166eb058f96028028e75c1507324426309ee4525
0af16e7134 doc: add release note for #25574 (Martin Zumsande)
57ef2a4812 validation: report if pruning prevents completion of verification (Martin Zumsande)
0c7785bb25 init, validation: Improve handling if VerifyDB() fails due to insufficient dbcache (Martin Zumsande)
d6f781f1cf validation: return VerifyDBResult::INTERRUPTED if verification was interrupted (Martin Zumsande)
6360b5302d validation: Change return value of VerifyDB to enum type (Martin Zumsande)
Pull request description:
`VerifyDB()` can fail to complete due to insufficient dbcache at the level 3 checks. This PR improves the error handling in this case in the following ways:
- The rpc `-verifychain` now returns false if the check can't be completed due to insufficient cache
- During init, we only log a warning if the default values for `-checkblocks` and `-checklevel` are taken and the check doesn't complete. However, if the user actively specifies one of these args, we return with an InitError if we can't complete the check.
This PR also changes `-verifychain` RPC to return `false` if the verification didn't finish due to missing block data (pruning) or due to being interrupted by the node being shutdown.
Previously, this PR also included a fix for a possible assert during verification - this was done in #27009 (now merged).
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 0af16e7134
ryanofsky:
Code review ACK 0af16e7134. Only small suggested changes since the last review, like renaming some of the enum values. I did leave more suggestions, but they are not very important and could be followups
john-moffett:
ACK 0af16e7134
MarcoFalke:
lgtm re-ACK 0af16e7134 🎚
Tree-SHA512: 84b4f767cf9bfbafef362312757c9bf765b41ae3977f4ece840e40c52a2266b1457832df0cdf70440be0aac2168d9b58fc817238630b0b6812f3836ca950bc0e
and remove m_snapshot_validated. This state can now be inferred by the
number of isUsable chainstates.
m_disabled is used to signal that a chainstate should no longer be used
by validation logic; it is used as a sentinel when background validation
completes or if the snapshot chainstate is found to be invalid.
isUsable is a convenience method that incorporates m_disabled.
d5d4b75840 guix: combine glibc hardening options into hardened-glibc (fanquake)
c49f2b8eb5 guix: remove no-longer needed powerpc workaround (fanquake)
74c9893989 guix: use glibc 2.27 for all Linux builds (fanquake)
Pull request description:
Build against glibc 2.27 for all Linux builds (previously only used for RISC-V), and at the same time, increase our minimum required glibc to 2.27 (2018). This would drop support for Ubuntu Xenial (16.04) & Debian Stretch (9), from the produced release binaries. Compiling from source on those systems may be possible, assuming you can install a recent enough compiler/toolchain etc.
ACKs for top commit:
hebasto:
ACK d5d4b75840, I have reviewed the code and it looks OK, I agree it can be merged.
Tree-SHA512: 910f0ef45b4558f2a45d35a5c1c39aaac97e8aff086dc4fc1eddbb80c0b6e4bd23667d64e21d0fd42e4db37b6f26f447ca5d1150bb861128af7e71fb42835cf8
c572eae989 update the freebsd build doc to reflect recent changes to DB4 install process (Murray Nesbitt)
Pull request description:
This PR introduces documentation changes needed to keep up with #26834.
ACKs for top commit:
fanquake:
ACK c572eae989 - have not tested, but looks ok.
Tree-SHA512: 42a79e7b45834916b1b738db524b51b9ff4fde8348ba66fc331ff6603532dd9fce73ea392eef97d31112326c6d60ec2c5c7c29e66aab33aaf846aab8aea1d1aa
b49e19ccd9 doc: use arch agnostic clang path in fuzzing doc (macOS) (fanquake)
Pull request description:
The current path will only work for clang installed via brew on x86_64 macOS.
ACKs for top commit:
hebasto:
ACK b49e19ccd9, similar to 702836530f.
Tree-SHA512: 8ae4845e1953d5a7178f2b422e2241af1057d8cce1ab79da65df0cd068456dbf85da3489355f81fc4ee09ba602a4b53e989e2dc02476b4abf6c5b3bc3e96473b
75347236f2 docs: document c-style cast prohibition (Pasta)
Pull request description:
In the words of practicalswift:
```
A C-style cast is equivalent to try casting in the following order:
const_cast(...)
static_cast(...)
const_cast(static_cast(...))
reinterpret_cast(...)
const_cast(reinterpret_cast(...))
By using static_cast<T>(...) explicitly we avoid the possibility of an unintentional and
dangerous reinterpret_cast. Furthermore static_cast<T>(...) allows for easier grepping of casts.
For a more thorough discussion, see "ES.49: If you must use a cast, use a named cast"
in the C++ Core Guidelines (Stroustrup & Sutter).
```
Modern tooling, specifically `-Wold-style-cast` can enable us to enforce never using C-style casts. I believe this is especially important due to the number of C-style casts the codebase is currently being used as a reinterpret_cast. reinterpret_casts are especially dangerous, and should never be done via C-style casts.
Update the docs to suggest the use of named cast or functional casts.
Top commit has no ACKs.
Tree-SHA512: 29a98de396f0c78e32d8a1831319162203c4405a670da5add5da956fcc7df200a1cec162ef1cfac4ddfb02714b66406081d40ed435c7f0f28581cfa24d94fac1
