[MiniMiner] track inclusion order and add Linearize() function

Sometimes we are just interested in the order in which transactions
would be included in a block (we want to "linearize" the transactions).
Track and store this information.

This doesn't change any of the bump fee calculations.

src/node/mini_miner.cpp

@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ MiniMiner::MiniMiner(const std::vector<MiniMinerMempoolEntry>& manual_entries,
     Assume(m_to_be_replaced.empty());
     Assume(m_requested_outpoints_by_txid.empty());
     Assume(m_bump_fees.empty());
+    Assume(m_inclusion_order.empty());
     SanityCheck();
 }
 
@@ -255,6 +256,7 @@ void MiniMiner::SanityCheck() const
 void MiniMiner::BuildMockTemplate(std::optional<CFeeRate> target_feerate)
 {
     const auto num_txns{m_entries_by_txid.size()};
+    uint32_t sequence_num{0};
     while (!m_entries_by_txid.empty()) {
         // Sort again, since transaction removal may change some m_entries' ancestor feerates.
         std::sort(m_entries.begin(), m_entries.end(), AncestorFeerateComparator());
@@ -290,18 +292,32 @@ void MiniMiner::BuildMockTemplate(std::optional<CFeeRate> target_feerate)
                 to_process.erase(iter);
             }
         }
+        // Track the order in which transactions were selected.
+        for (const auto& ancestor : ancestors) {
+            m_inclusion_order.emplace(Txid::FromUint256(ancestor->first), sequence_num);
+        }
         DeleteAncestorPackage(ancestors);
         SanityCheck();
+        ++sequence_num;
     }
     if (!target_feerate.has_value()) {
         Assume(m_in_block.size() == num_txns);
     } else {
         Assume(m_in_block.empty() || m_total_fees >= target_feerate->GetFee(m_total_vsize));
     }
+    Assume(m_in_block.empty() || sequence_num > 0);
+    Assume(m_in_block.size() == m_inclusion_order.size());
     // Do not try to continue building the block template with a different feerate.
     m_ready_to_calculate = false;
 }
 
+
+std::map<Txid, uint32_t> MiniMiner::Linearize()
+{
+    BuildMockTemplate(std::nullopt);
+    return m_inclusion_order;
+}
+
 std::map<COutPoint, CAmount> MiniMiner::CalculateBumpFees(const CFeeRate& target_feerate)
 {
     if (!m_ready_to_calculate) return {};

src/node/mini_miner.h

@@ -67,8 +67,14 @@ struct IteratorComparator
     }
 };
 
-/** A minimal version of BlockAssembler. Allows us to run the mining algorithm on a subset of
- * mempool transactions, ignoring consensus rules, to calculate mining scores. */
+/** A minimal version of BlockAssembler, using the same ancestor set scoring algorithm. Allows us to
+ * run this algorithm on a limited set of transactions (e.g. subset of mempool or transactions that
+ * are not yet in mempool) instead of the entire mempool, ignoring consensus rules.
+ * Callers may use this to:
+ * - Calculate the "bump fee" needed to spend an unconfirmed UTXO at a given feerate
+ * - "Linearize" a list of transactions to see the order in which they would be selected for
+ *   inclusion in a block
+ */
 class MiniMiner
 {
     // When true, a caller may use CalculateBumpFees(). Becomes false if we failed to retrieve
@@ -84,6 +90,10 @@ class MiniMiner
     // the same tx will have the same bumpfee. Excludes non-mempool transactions.
     std::map<uint256, std::vector<COutPoint>> m_requested_outpoints_by_txid;
 
+    // Txid to a number representing the order in which this transaction was included (smaller
+    // number = included earlier).  Transactions included in an ancestor set together have the same
+    // sequence number.
+    std::map<Txid, uint32_t> m_inclusion_order;
     // What we're trying to calculate. Outpoint to the fee needed to bring the transaction to the target feerate.
     std::map<COutPoint, CAmount> m_bump_fees;
 
@@ -151,6 +161,11 @@ public:
      * if it cannot be calculated. */
     std::optional<CAmount> CalculateTotalBumpFees(const CFeeRate& target_feerate);
 
+    /** Construct a new block template with all of the transactions and calculate the order in which
+     * they are selected. Returns the sequence number (lower = selected earlier) with which each
+     * transaction was selected, indexed by txid, or an empty map if it cannot be calculated.
+     */
+    std::map<Txid, uint32_t> Linearize();
 };
 } // namespace node