diff --git a/changes/ticket40676 b/changes/ticket40676
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a025d79b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changes/ticket40676
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+  o Minor feature (exit policies):
+    - Implement reevaluating new exit policy against existing connections. This
+      is controlled by new config option ReevaluateExitPolicy, defaulting to 0.
+      Closes ticket 40676.
diff --git a/doc/man/tor.1.txt b/doc/man/tor.1.txt
index 1589809b1a..248c0b7896 100644
--- a/doc/man/tor.1.txt
+++ b/doc/man/tor.1.txt
@@ -2385,6 +2385,16 @@ is non-zero):
     policy options are set, Tor behaves as if ExitRelay were set to 0.
     (Default: auto)
 
+[[ReevaluateExitPolicy]] **ReevaluateExitPolicy** **0**|**1**::
+    If set, reevaluate the exit policy on existing connections when reloading
+    configuration. +
+     +
+    When the exit policy of an exit node change while reloading configuration,
+    connections made prior to this change could violate the new policy. By
+    setting this to 1, Tor will check if such connections exist, and mark them
+    for termination.
+    (Default: 0)
+
 [[ExtendAllowPrivateAddresses]] **ExtendAllowPrivateAddresses** **0**|**1**::
     When this option is enabled, Tor will connect to relays on localhost,
     RFC1918 addresses, and so on. In particular, Tor will make direct OR
diff --git a/src/app/config/config.c b/src/app/config/config.c
index a10329c552..ae7f6203ce 100644
--- a/src/app/config/config.c
+++ b/src/app/config/config.c
@@ -637,6 +637,7 @@ static const config_var_t option_vars_[] = {
   V(RephistTrackTime,            INTERVAL, "24 hours"),
   V_IMMUTABLE(RunAsDaemon,       BOOL,     "0"),
   V(ReducedExitPolicy,           BOOL,     "0"),
+  V(ReevaluateExitPolicy,        BOOL,     "0"),
   OBSOLETE("RunTesting"), // currently unused
   V_IMMUTABLE(Sandbox,           BOOL,     "0"),
   V(SafeLogging,                 STRING,   "1"),
@@ -996,6 +997,7 @@ set_options(or_options_t *new_val, char **msg)
     config_line_t *changes =
       config_get_changes(get_options_mgr(), old_options, new_val);
     control_event_conf_changed(changes);
+    connection_reapply_exit_policy(changes);
     config_free_lines(changes);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/app/config/or_options_st.h b/src/app/config/or_options_st.h
index 36b00662b5..624dc61bc5 100644
--- a/src/app/config/or_options_st.h
+++ b/src/app/config/or_options_st.h
@@ -141,6 +141,8 @@ struct or_options_t {
                                         * Includes OutboundBindAddresses and
                                         * configured ports. */
   int ReducedExitPolicy; /**<Should we use the Reduced Exit Policy? */
+  int ReevaluateExitPolicy; /**<Should we re-evaluate Exit Policy on existing
+                             * connections when it changes? */
   struct config_line_t *SocksPolicy; /**< Lists of socks policy components */
   struct config_line_t *DirPolicy; /**< Lists of dir policy components */
   /** Local address to bind outbound sockets */
diff --git a/src/config/torrc.sample.in b/src/config/torrc.sample.in
index 639d7c4d68..97ff941459 100644
--- a/src/config/torrc.sample.in
+++ b/src/config/torrc.sample.in
@@ -225,6 +225,10 @@
 #ExitPolicy accept6 *6:119 # accept nntp ports on IPv6 only as well as default exit policy
 #ExitPolicy reject *:* # no exits allowed
 
+## Uncomment this if you want your exit relay to reevaluate its exit policy on
+## existing connections when the exit policy is modified.
+#ReevaluateExitPolicy 1
+
 ## Bridge relays (or "bridges") are Tor relays that aren't listed in the
 ## main directory. Since there is no complete public list of them, even an
 ## ISP that filters connections to all the known Tor relays probably
diff --git a/src/core/or/connection_edge.c b/src/core/or/connection_edge.c
index f21779a80c..900d639959 100644
--- a/src/core/or/connection_edge.c
+++ b/src/core/or/connection_edge.c
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@
 #include "lib/buf/buffers.h"
 #include "lib/crypt_ops/crypto_rand.h"
 #include "lib/crypt_ops/crypto_util.h"
+#include "lib/encoding/confline.h"
 
 #include "core/or/cell_st.h"
 #include "core/or/cpath_build_state_st.h"
@@ -4237,6 +4238,76 @@ my_exit_policy_rejects(const tor_addr_t *addr,
   return 0;
 }
 
+/* Reapply exit policy to existing connections, possibly terminating
+ * connections
+ * no longer allowed by the policy.
+ */
+void
+connection_reapply_exit_policy(config_line_t *changes)
+{
+  int marked_for_close = 0;
+  smartlist_t *conn_list = NULL;
+  smartlist_t *policy = NULL;
+  int config_change_relevant = 0;
+
+  if (get_options()->ReevaluateExitPolicy == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (const config_line_t *line = changes;
+       line && !config_change_relevant;
+       line = line->next) {
+    const char* exit_policy_options[] = {
+      "ExitRelay",
+      "ExitPolicy",
+      "ReducedExitPolicy",
+      "ReevaluateExitPolicy",
+      "IPv6Exit",
+      NULL
+    };
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; exit_policy_options[i] != NULL; ++i) {
+      if (strcmp(line->key, exit_policy_options[i]) == 0) {
+        config_change_relevant = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!config_change_relevant) {
+    /* Policy did not change: no need to iterate over connections */
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // we can't use router_compare_to_my_exit_policy as it depend on the
+  // descriptor, which is regenerated asynchronously, so we have to parse the
+  // policy ourselves.
+  // We don't verify for our own IP, it's not part of the configuration.
+  if (BUG(policies_parse_exit_policy_from_options(get_options(), NULL, NULL,
+                                                  &policy) != 0)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  conn_list = connection_list_by_type_purpose(CONN_TYPE_EXIT,
+                                              EXIT_PURPOSE_CONNECT);
+
+  SMARTLIST_FOREACH_BEGIN(conn_list, connection_t *, conn) {
+    addr_policy_result_t verdict = compare_tor_addr_to_addr_policy(&conn->addr,
+                                                                   conn->port,
+                                                                   policy);
+    if (verdict != ADDR_POLICY_ACCEPTED) {
+      connection_edge_end(TO_EDGE_CONN(conn), END_STREAM_REASON_EXITPOLICY);
+      connection_mark_for_close(conn);
+      ++marked_for_close;
+    }
+  } SMARTLIST_FOREACH_END(conn);
+
+  smartlist_free(conn_list);
+  smartlist_free(policy);
+
+  log_info(LD_GENERAL, "Marked %d connections to be closed as no longer "
+           "allowed per ExitPolicy", marked_for_close);
+}
+
 /** Return true iff the consensus allows network reentry. The default value is
  * false if the parameter is not found. */
 static bool
diff --git a/src/core/or/connection_edge.h b/src/core/or/connection_edge.h
index 59fc17dea5..1bb0e6d368 100644
--- a/src/core/or/connection_edge.h
+++ b/src/core/or/connection_edge.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #define TOR_CONNECTION_EDGE_H
 
 #include "lib/testsupport/testsupport.h"
+#include "lib/encoding/confline.h"
 
 #include "feature/hs/hs_service.h"
 
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ void connection_entry_set_controller_wait(entry_connection_t *conn);
 
 void connection_ap_about_to_close(entry_connection_t *edge_conn);
 void connection_exit_about_to_close(edge_connection_t *edge_conn);
+void connection_reapply_exit_policy(config_line_t *changes);
 
 MOCK_DECL(int,
           connection_ap_handshake_send_begin,(entry_connection_t *ap_conn));
diff --git a/src/core/or/policies.c b/src/core/or/policies.c
index 1864b84d5e..4641632b60 100644
--- a/src/core/or/policies.c
+++ b/src/core/or/policies.c
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ socks_policy_permits_address(const tor_addr_t *addr)
 }
 
 /** Return 1 if <b>addr</b> is permitted to connect to our metrics port,
- * based on <b>socks_policy</b>. Else return 0.
+ * based on <b>metrics_policy</b>. Else return 0.
  */
 int
 metrics_policy_permits_address(const tor_addr_t *addr)