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<!-- omit in toc -->
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# ⚡️ Alternative platforms for the RaspiBlitz ⚡️
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- [Minimum requirements ](#minimum-requirements )
- [Recommended specs ](#recommended-specs )
- [amd64 image ](#amd64-image )
- [Requirements ](#requirements )
- [Download ](#download )
- [Verify ](#verify )
- [Write the image to the OS disk ](#write-the-image-to-the-os-disk )
- [Extend the partition ](#extend-the-partition )
- [Start the Raspiblitz setup ](#start-the-raspiblitz-setup )
- [Virtual Machine ](#virtual-machine )
- [Create the base image ](#create-the-base-image )
- [Building the Raspiblitz scripts ](#building-the-raspiblitz-scripts )
- [Notes ](#notes )
- [Data drive ](#data-drive )
- [Armbian ](#armbian )
- [Ubuntu ](#ubuntu )
- [Python upgrade ](#python-upgrade )
- [Create an image release for amd64 ](#create-an-image-release-for-amd64 )
- [Requirements: ](#requirements-1 )
- [Create an NTFS formatted USB Stick / USB disk ](#create-an-ntfs-formatted-usb-stick--usb-disk )
- [Boot Ubuntu Live from USB ](#boot-ubuntu-live-from-usb )
- [Download and verify the base image ](#download-and-verify-the-base-image )
- [Flash the base image to the installation medium ](#flash-the-base-image-to-the-installation-medium )
- [Install Debian to the OS disk ](#install-debian-to-the-os-disk )
- [Install the RaspiBlitz Scripts ](#install-the-raspiblitz-scripts )
- [Prepare the release ](#prepare-the-release )
- [Clean and shutdown the build machine ](#clean-and-shutdown-the-build-machine )
- [Start Tails ](#start-tails )
- [Import the signing keys ](#import-the-signing-keys )
- [Prepare the disk ](#prepare-the-disk )
- [Verify the downloaded image ](#verify-the-downloaded-image )
- [Linux instructions ](#linux-instructions )
- [Create a torrent ](#create-a-torrent )
- [Switch off sleep, suspend and hibernation ](#switch-off-sleep-suspend-and-hibernation )
## Minimum requirements
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* ARMv8 or x86 processor (64 bit)
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* 1 GB RAM
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* 500 GB HDD
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* Python >=3.9 (see [how to upgrade below ](#python-upgrade ) )
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### Recommended specs
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* \> 2GB DDR3 ECC RAM (8GB+ if using ZFS)
* USB 3.0 / SATA / PCIE / NVME connectors
* SSD - multiple disks for redundancy
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Specifications of the tested hardware: [hw_comparison.md ](hw_comparison.md )
All testers are welcome. Open an issue for your specific board to collaborate and share your experience.
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## amd64 image
### Requirements
* amd64 Laptop, Desktop or Server connected to the internet via a LAN cable
* `OS disk` : min 32GB SSD is recommended to run the system on
* if the computer can boot from an SDcard an Endurance type card can be used similar to the RPi setup
* USB SSD recommendation: [Sandisk Extreme Pro USB 128 GB ](https://www.amazon.co.uk/SanDisk-Extreme-Solid-State-Flash/dp/B01MU8TZRV )
* if the laptop has an optical drive an [Optical Drive Bay Caddy / adapter ](https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B07SHSCVC7/ ) can be used to change it to a second SSD instead.
* `Data disk` : a new, minimum 1TB SSD is recommended - stores data independent of the operating system
* usually placed internally
### Download
* raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03
* manually created with the [process described below ](#Create-an-image-release-for-amd64 ) from the [`dev` branch ](https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/tree/dev ) at [43c7384 ](https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/tree/43c7384cb70523c57990e0c409d51cfd7b818a10 )
* Torrent [file ](/home.admin/assets/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03.torrent ) and [magnet link ](/home.admin/assets/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03.magnet )
* Direct downloads:
* https://mega.nz/folder/AlsC0A4L#mTPOke2OLJIGU4iMyAqwBw
* https://keybase.pub/oms/images/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03
```
# download from keybase using the command line
mkdir raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03
cd raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03
wget -c https://oms.keybase.pub/images/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03.img.gz
wget -c https://oms.keybase.pub/images/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03.img.gz.sha256
wget -c https://oms.keybase.pub/images/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03/raspiblitz-amd64-v1.7.2-2022-04-03.img.gz.sha256.asc
```
### [Verify](#Verify-the-downloaded-image)
### Write the image to the OS disk
* On a separate computer: write the image to the USB connected OSdisk or SDcard with [Balena Etcher ](https://www.balena.io/etcher/ )
* On the same computer: boot an Ubuntu Live from USB with which the image can be downloaded, verified and flashed on an internal or USB connected OS disk
### Extend the partition
* start Disks or any partition manager and extend the partition to the full size of the disk on the OS disk (just flashed)
### Start the Raspiblitz setup
* Assemble and start the computer.
* Log in with admin and open a terminal on the local desktop or log in with ssh (username `admin` password: `raspiblitz` )
* Continue the setup as described in the [main readme ](https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz#setup-process-detailed-documentation )
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## Virtual Machine
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Instructions to run a RaspiBlitz as a VM on a Linux host machine.
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The process is similar if you want to run RaspiBlitz on the bare metal.
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Tested with:
* Debian image in VirtualBox and linux virt-manager / [cockpit-machines ](https://github.com/cockpit-project/cockpit-machines )
* Ubuntu image in VirtualBox and linux virt-manager / [cockpit-machines ](https://github.com/cockpit-project/cockpit-machines )
* Debian image in VirtualBox https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/issues/2756#issuecomment -983532237
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* TrueNAS (FreeBSD bhyve) with an Ubuntu VM: https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/issues/2104#issuecomment -917444238
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* [QEMU+UTM ](https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/blob/dev/alternative.platforms/QEMU/raspiblitz-on-qemu.md )
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### Create the base image
* Download and install the base OS on an at least 32GB drive
* Debian is the most tested and is closest to the RaspberryOS: < https: // www . debian . org / distrib />
* Ubuntu should work, but less tested
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* To just experiment can load a virtualbox image from: < https: // www . osboxes . org / debian /> or < https: // www . osboxes . org / ubuntu > .
These not need installation, password: `osboxes.org`
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### Building the Raspiblitz scripts
* Run the build script in the terminal of the guest OS (with sudo access):
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```bash
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# download the build script
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/dev/build_sdcard.sh
# run
sudo bash build_sdcard.sh -f true -b dev -d headless -t false -w off
# Options:
# -h, --help this help info
# -i, --interaction [0|1] interaction before proceeding with exection (default: 1)
# -f, --fatpack [0|1] fatpack mode (default: 1)
# -u, --github-user [rootzoll|other] github user to be checked from the repo (default: rootzoll)
# -b, --branch [v1.7|v1.8] branch to be built on (default: v1.7)
# -d, --display [lcd|hdmi|headless] display class (default: lcd)
# -t, --tweak-boot-drive [0|1] tweak boot drives (default: 1)
# -w, --wifi-region [off|US|GB|other] wifi iso code (default: US) or 'off'
```
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* Switch off when ready
* Attach an other disk (can be even small if you prune or [stop bitcoind ](https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/issues/1500#issuecomment-982779830 ) manually.
The second virtual disk will be used as the BLOCKCHAIN drive.
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This makes that data portable and independent from the OS similar to the combination of the SDcard and separate SSD.
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### Notes
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#### Data drive
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* create a raw image of 500+ GB for best compatibility
* if there are permission issues try to symlink the disk image to `/var/lib/libvirt/images`
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## Armbian
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Many SBC-s are supported:
https://www.armbian.com/download/
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To verify the downloaded image follow: https://docs.armbian.com/User-Guide_Getting-Started/#how -to-check-download-authenticity
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Tested on:
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* Odroid XU4 / HC1 / HC2 with the Armbian Buster image from https://www.armbian.com/odroid-xu4/
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Burn the image to the SDcard with [Etcher ](https://www.balena.io/etcher/ ).
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Assemble and boot.
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`ssh root@192.168.x.x`
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password: `1234`
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Follow the instructions in the terminal. Set the new password to `raspiblitz` and name the new user `admin` to keep in line with the rest of the setup.
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Continue with building the SDcard: https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz#build -the-sd-card-image
---
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## Ubuntu
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A common distro to be supplied by the manufacturer for various boards.
Tested on:
* Odroid XU4 with ubuntu-18.04.1-4.14-minimal image from https://de.eu.odroid.in/ubuntu_18.04lts/XU3_XU4_MC1_HC1_HC2
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* Nvidia Jetson Nano with Ubuntu Bionic image from https://developer.nvidia.com/embedded/learn/get-started-jetson-nano-devkit#write
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Burn the image to the SDCard with [Etcher ](https://www.balena.io/etcher/ ).
Assemble and boot.
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`ssh root@192.168.x.x`
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password: odroid
`apt-get update`
`apt-get upgrade`
if there is an error:
>E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
>E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?
run:
`reboot` and update as above
Continue with building the SDcard: https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz#build -the-sd-card-image
---
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## Python upgrade
* run the commands below in the terminal line-by-line
```bash
# select version
pythonVersion="3.10.4"
majorPythonVersion=$(echo "$pythonVersion" | awk -F. '{print $1"."$2}' )
# update and upgrade
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
# dependencies
sudo apt install wget software-properties-common build-essential libnss3-dev zlib1g-dev libgdbm-dev libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libffi-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libbz2-dev -y
# download
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${pythonVersion}/Python-${pythonVersion}.tgz
# optional signature for verification
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${pythonVersion}/Python-${pythonVersion}.tgz.asc
# get PGP pubkey of Pablo Galindo Salgado
gpg --recv-key CFDCA245B1043CF2A5F97865FFE87404168BD847
# check for: Good signature from "Pablo Galindo Salgado < pablogsal @gmail .com > "
gpg --verify Python-${pythonVersion}.tgz.asc
# unzip
tar xvf Python-${pythonVersion}.tgz
cd Python-${pythonVersion}
# configure
./configure --enable-optimizations
# install
sudo make altinstall
# move the python binary to the expected directory
sudo mv $(which python${majorPythonVersion}) /usr/bin/
# check
ls -la /usr/bin/python${majorPythonVersion}
# make the new version the default
sudo rm /etc/alternatives/python
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python${majorPythonVersion} 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python${majorPythonVersion} 1
# check
python --version
python3 --version
```
## Create an image release for amd64
Work notes partially based on: https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/blob/v1.7/FAQ.md#what -is-the-process-of-creating-a-new-sd-card-image-release
### Requirements:
* amd64 Laptop or Server connected to the internet via a LAN cable
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* [`Ubuntu Live` ](https://releases.ubuntu.com/focal/ubuntu-20.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso ) USB Stick to start on a clean system
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* `Installation medium` : min 8GB SDcard / USB stick to install the base image from
* `OS disk` : min 32 GB Endurance type SDcard or USB SSD to run the operating system on
* (`Data disk` : a new, minimum 1TB SSD is recommended - not needed to create the image release)
* [`Tails USB Stick` ](https://tails.boum.org/install/download/ ) to sign the image offline
* PGP keys on an USB stick to sign the image
* NTFS formatted USB Stick or disk to store the signed image (can reuse the Installation medium)
### Create an NTFS formatted USB Stick / USB disk
* can be prepared any time on a separate computer and can reuse the Installation medium
### Boot Ubuntu Live from USB
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* Start [`Ubuntu Live` ](https://releases.ubuntu.com/focal/ubuntu-20.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso ) from USB stick
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* Under Settings: best to set correct keyboard language & power settings to prevent monitor turn off
### Download and verify the base image
* Download the latest [Debian Desktop netinst.io, SHA512SUMS and Signature ](https://www.debian.org/download ) and verify the [downloaded image ](https://www.debian.org/CD/verify )
* In a terminal can use the following commands (see the comments for the explanations and an example output)
```bash
# Download the base image:
wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-11.3.0-amd64-netinst.iso
# Download the SHA512SUMS:
wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/SHA512SUMS
# Download the Signature:
wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/SHA512SUMS.sign
# Verify:
# download the signing pubkey:
gpg --keyserver keyring.debian.org --receive-key DF9B9C49EAA9298432589D76DA87E80D6294BE9B
# gpg: key DA87E80D6294BE9B: public key "Debian CD signing key < debian-cd @lists .debian.org > " imported
# gpg: Total number processed: 1
# gpg: imported: 1
# Verify the signature of the SHA512SUMS file
gpg --verify gpg --verify SHA512SUMS.sign
# Look for the output 'Good signature':
# gpg: assuming signed data in 'SHA512SUMS'
# gpg: Signature made Sat 26 Mar 2022 21:22:41 GMT
# gpg: using RSA key DF9B9C49EAA9298432589D76DA87E80D6294BE9B
# gpg: Good signature from "Debian CD signing key < debian-cd @lists .debian.org > " [unknown]
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
# gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: DF9B 9C49 EAA9 2984 3258 9D76 DA87 E80D 6294 BE9B
# Compare the hash to the hash of the image file:
sha512sum -c SHA512SUMS --ignore-missing
# Look for the output 'OK':
# debian-11.3.0-amd64-netinst.iso: OK
```
### Flash the base image to the installation medium
* Connect an SDcard reader with a min 8GB SDcard or an USB stick.
* In the file manager open the context menu (right click) on the `netinst.iso` file.
* Select the option `Open With Other Application` and choose `Open With Disk Image Writer` .
* Write the image to the SDcard / USB SSD (Installation medium).
* Shut down the Laptop now and remove the `Ubuntu Live` USB Stick.
### Install Debian to the OS disk
* Connect the Laptop / Server to the LAN (with cable) with only the OS disk connected (no Data disk)
* Insert the installation medium to the USB and power up - boot from USB.
* Continue to work on the screen of the laptop or a connected monitor
* Install Debian with the defaults:
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* leave the root password empty (root user disabled)
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* create a new user called `pi` , set the password to `raspiblitz`
* use a single partition for the OS
* Choose: `Guided - use entire disk`
* Select the OS disk
* All files in one partition
* Can remove the `Swap` partition - a swap file will be created on the Data disk later
* At the `Software selection` choose:
* Debian dekstop environment
* GNOME (could be other as preferred)
* SSH server
* standard system utilities
* Install GRUB on the primary partition (OS Disk)
### Install the RaspiBlitz Scripts
* Once the setup is finished reboot and log in with the `pi` user (pw: `raspiblitz` )
* Run the following commands to build from the `dev` branch or change `dev` with the branch name of your version:
```bash
# download
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/dev/build_sdcard.sh
# run
sudo bash build_sdcard.sh -f true -b dev -d headless -t false -w off
```
* The `[sudo] password for pi:` is `raspiblitz`
* Confirm the chosen parameters
* Monitor/Check outputs for warnings/errors
* (Optional for development - copy the output to a build_sdcard.sh.log)
* Useful settings:
* In Settings - Power - Automatic Suspend - Plugged In - Off
* In Tweaks - General - Suspend when laptop lid is closed - Off
### Prepare the release
#### Clean and shutdown the build machine
* run the command (same as running `release` under `admin` ):
```bash
sudo -u admin /home/admin/config.scripts/blitz.preparerelease.sh
```
* This will shut down the laptop.
* Remove the `Installation medium` and the `Ubuntu Live` USB stick and the LAN cable
#### Start Tails
* Connect the `Tails USB Stick` (make it stay offline)
* Boot Tails and set and Admin password in Additioanl Settings (will need it to work with the disk)
* Set the screen to not switch off: Settings > Power -> Blank screen - Never
#### Import the signing keys
* Connect USB stick with GPG signing keys - decrypt drive if needed
* Open Terminal and cd into directory of USB Stick under `/media/amnesia`
* Run `gpg --import ./secret-key-backup.key` , check and `exit`
* Disconnect USB stick with GPG keys
##### Prepare the disk
* Start Disks and resize the OS disk partition to 10GB
* Connect the NTFS USB stick, open in file manager and delete old files
* Open a terminal from the NTFS disk with right click
* Run `lsblk` in a terminal to double check the OS disk device name (ignore last partition number)
* Clone and compress the OS disk image (copy 11GB so the 10GB sized partition is comfortably included):
```bash
sudo dd if=/dev/[OSdiskddevice] bs=1G count=11 status=progress | gzip > raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz
```
* When finished you should see that 30GB was copied (the resulting compressed file is less than 3GB).
* Create sha256 hash of the image:
```bash
sha256sum *.gz > raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256
```
* Sign the sha256 hash file:
```bash
gpg --detach-sign --armor *.sha256
```
* Check the files:
```bash
ls
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256.asc
```
* Test with:
```bash
gpg --verify *.asc
shasum -c *.sha256
```
* Shutdown the build computer
* Upload the new image to server - put the .sig file and .sha256 next to it
* Copy the sha256sum to GitHub README and update the download link
## Verify the downloaded image
### Linux instructions
* Open a terminal in the directory with the downloaded files
```
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256
raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256.asc
```
* Paste the following commands (see the comments for the explanations and an example output)
```bash
# Import the signing pubkey:
curl https://keybase.io/oms/pgp_keys.asc | gpg --import
# Verify the signature of the sha256 hash:
gpg --verify *.asc
# Look for the output 'Good signature':
# gpg: assuming signed data in 'raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz.sha256'
# gpg: Signature made Mon DAY MONTH YEAR xx:xx:xx GMT
# gpg: using RSA key 13C688DB5B9C745DE4D2E4545BFB77609B081B65
# gpg: Good signature from "openoms < oms @tuta .io > " [unknown]
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
# gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: 13C6 88DB 5B9C 745D E4D2 E454 5BFB 7760 9B08 1B65
# Compare the sha256 hash to the hash of the image file
shasum -c *.sha256
# Look for the output 'OK' :
# raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY.img.gz: OK
```
## Create a torrent
* Create Torrent file from image (for example with Transmission / qbBittorrent) and place in the `home.admin/assets` folder & link on README
* Tracker list recommended to be used with the torrent:
```
udp://tracker.coppersurfer.tk:6969/announce
http://tracker.yoshi210.com:6969/announce
http://open.acgtracker.com:1096/announce
http://tracker.skyts.net:6969/announce
udp://9.rarbg.me:2780/announce
http://tracker2.itzmx.com:6961/announce
udp://exodus.desync.com:6969/announce
http://pow7.com:80/announce
udp://tracker.leechers-paradise.org:6969
```
* Comments:
```
raspiblitz-raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY
raspiblitz-raspiblitz-amd64-vX.X.X-YEAR-MONTH-DAY image, sha256sum and signature
Find more info at: https://github.com/rootzoll/raspiblitz/tree/dev/alternative.platforms
# Import the signing pubkey:
curl https://keybase.io/oms/pgp_keys.asc | gpg --import
gpg --verify *.asc
# Verify the signature of the sha256 hash (Look for the output 'Good signature'):
gpg --verify *.asc
# Look for the output 'Good signature'
# Compare the sha256 hash to the hash of the image file (Look for the output 'OK'):
shasum -c *.sha256
```
## Switch off sleep, suspend and hibernation
* Run in the terminal:
```
sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target
```
