mirror of
https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd.git
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ffac0336e6
In this commit, we add a new package implementing the aezeed cipher
seed scheme. This is a new scheme developed that aims to overcome the
two major short comings of BIP39: a lack of a version, and a lack of a
wallet birthday. A lack a version means that wallets may not
necessarily know *how* to re-derive addresses during the recovery
process. A lack of a birthday means that wallets don’t know how far
back to look in the chain to ensure that they derive *all* the proper
user addresses.
The aezeed scheme addresses these two drawbacks and adds a number of
desirable features. First, we start with the following plaintext seed:
{1 byte internal version || 2 byte timestamp || 16 bytes of entropy}.
The version field is for wallets to be able to know *how* to re-derive
the keys of the wallet.
The 2 byte timestamp is expressed in Bitcoin Days Genesis, meaning that
the number of days since the timestamp in Bitcoin’s genesis block. This
allow us to save space, and also avoid using a wasteful level of
granularity. With the currently, this can express time up until 2188.
Finally, the entropy is raw entropy that should be used to derive
wallet’s HD root.
Next, we’ll take the plaintext seed described above and encipher it to
procure a final cipher text. We’ll then take this cipher text (the
CipherSeed) and encode that using a 24-word mnemonic. The enciphering
process takes a user defined passphrase. If no passphrase is provided,
then the string “aezeed” will be used.
To encipher a plaintext seed (19 bytes) to arrive at an enciphered
cipher seed (33 bytes), we apply the following operations:
* First we take the external version an append it to our buffer. The
external version describes *how* we encipher. For the first version
(version 0), we’ll use scrypt(n=32768, r=8, p=1) and aezeed.
* Next, we’ll use scrypt (with the version 9 params) to generate a
strong key for encryption. We’ll generate a 32-byte key using 5 bytes
as a salt. The usage of the salt is meant to make the creation of
rainbow tables infeasible.
* Next, the enciphering process. We use aezeed, modern AEAD with
nonce-misuse resistance properties. The important trait we exploit is
that it’s an *arbitrary input length block cipher*. Additionally, it
has what’s essentially a configurable MAC size. In our scheme we’ll use
a value of 4, which acts as a 32-bit checksum. We’ll encrypt with our
generated seed, and use an AD of (version || salt). We'll them compute a
checksum over all the data, using crc-32, appending the result to the
end.
* Finally, we’ll encode this 33-byte cipher text using the default
world list of BIP 39 to produce 24 english words.
The `aezeed` cipher seed scheme has a few cool properties, notably:
* The mnemonic itself is a cipher text, meaning leaving it in
plaintext is advisable if the user also set a passphrase. This is in
contrast to BIP 39 where the mnemonic alone (without a passphrase) may
be sufficient to steal funds.
* A cipherseed can be modified to *change* the passphrase. This
means that if the users wants a stronger passphrase, they can decipher
(with the old passphrase), then encipher (with a new passphrase).
Compared to BIP 39, where if the users used a passphrase, since the
mapping is one way, they can’t change the passphrase of their existing
HD key chain.
* A cipher seed can be *upgraded*. Since we have an external version,
offline tools can be provided to decipher using the old params, and
encipher using the new params. In the future if we change ciphers,
change scrypt, or just the parameters of scrypt, then users can easily
upgrade their seed with an offline tool.
* We're able to verify that a user has input the incorrect passphrase,
and that the user has input the incorrect mnemonic independently.
2074 lines
14 KiB
Go
2074 lines
14 KiB
Go
package aezeed
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import (
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"strings"
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)
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var (
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// reverseWordMap maps a word to its position within the default word list.
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reverseWordMap map[string]int
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)
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func init() {
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reverseWordMap = make(map[string]int)
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for i, v := range defaultWordList {
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reverseWordMap[v] = i
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}
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}
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// defaultWordList is a slice of the current default word list that's used to
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// encode the enciphered seed into a human readable set of words.
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var defaultWordList = strings.Split(englishWordList, "\n")
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// englishWordList is an English wordlist that's used as part of version 0 of
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// the cipherseed scheme. This is the *same* word list that's recommend for use
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// with BIP0039.
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var englishWordList = `abandon
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ability
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able
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about
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above
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absent
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absorb
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abstract
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absurd
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abuse
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access
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accident
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account
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accuse
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achieve
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acid
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acoustic
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acquire
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across
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act
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action
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actor
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actress
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actual
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adapt
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add
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addict
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address
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adjust
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admit
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adult
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advance
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advice
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aerobic
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affair
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afford
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afraid
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again
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age
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agent
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agree
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ahead
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aim
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air
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airport
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aisle
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alarm
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album
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alcohol
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alert
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alien
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all
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alley
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allow
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almost
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alone
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alpha
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already
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also
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alter
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always
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amateur
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amazing
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among
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amount
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amused
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analyst
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anchor
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ancient
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anger
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angle
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angry
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animal
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ankle
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announce
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annual
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another
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answer
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antenna
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antique
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anxiety
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any
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apart
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apology
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appear
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apple
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approve
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april
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arch
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arctic
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area
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arena
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argue
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arm
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armed
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armor
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army
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around
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arrange
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arrest
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arrive
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arrow
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art
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artefact
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artist
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artwork
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ask
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aspect
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assault
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asset
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assist
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assume
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asthma
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athlete
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atom
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attack
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attend
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attitude
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attract
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auction
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audit
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august
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aunt
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author
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auto
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autumn
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average
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avocado
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avoid
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awake
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aware
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away
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awesome
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awful
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awkward
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axis
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baby
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bachelor
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bacon
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badge
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bag
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balance
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balcony
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ball
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bamboo
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banana
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banner
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bar
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barely
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bargain
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barrel
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base
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basic
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basket
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battle
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beach
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bean
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beauty
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because
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become
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beef
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before
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begin
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behave
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behind
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believe
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below
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belt
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bench
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benefit
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best
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betray
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better
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between
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beyond
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bicycle
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bid
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bike
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bind
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biology
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bird
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birth
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bitter
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black
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blade
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blame
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blanket
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blast
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bleak
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bless
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blind
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blood
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blossom
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blouse
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blue
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blur
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blush
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board
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boat
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body
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boil
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bomb
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bone
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bonus
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book
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boost
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border
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boring
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borrow
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boss
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bottom
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bounce
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box
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boy
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bracket
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brain
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brand
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brass
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brave
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bread
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breeze
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brick
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bridge
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brief
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bright
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bring
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brisk
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broccoli
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broken
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bronze
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broom
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brother
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brown
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brush
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bubble
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buddy
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budget
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buffalo
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build
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bulb
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bulk
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bullet
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bundle
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bunker
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burden
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burger
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burst
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bus
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business
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busy
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butter
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buyer
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buzz
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cabbage
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cabin
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cable
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cactus
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cage
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cake
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call
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calm
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camera
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camp
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can
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canal
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cancel
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candy
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cannon
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canoe
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canvas
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canyon
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capable
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capital
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captain
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car
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carbon
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card
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cargo
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carpet
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carry
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cart
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case
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cash
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casino
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castle
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casual
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cat
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catalog
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catch
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category
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cattle
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caught
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cause
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caution
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cave
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ceiling
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celery
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cement
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census
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century
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cereal
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certain
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chair
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chalk
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champion
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change
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chaos
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chapter
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charge
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chase
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chat
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cheap
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check
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cheese
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chef
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cherry
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chest
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chicken
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chief
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child
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chimney
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choice
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choose
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chronic
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chuckle
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chunk
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churn
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cigar
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cinnamon
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circle
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citizen
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city
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civil
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claim
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clap
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clarify
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claw
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clay
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clean
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clerk
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clever
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click
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client
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cliff
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climb
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clinic
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clip
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clock
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clog
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close
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cloth
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cloud
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clown
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club
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clump
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cluster
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clutch
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coach
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coast
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coconut
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code
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coffee
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coil
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coin
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collect
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color
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column
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combine
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come
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comfort
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comic
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common
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company
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concert
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conduct
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confirm
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congress
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connect
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consider
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control
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convince
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cook
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cool
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copper
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copy
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coral
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core
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corn
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correct
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cost
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cotton
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couch
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country
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couple
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course
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cousin
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cover
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coyote
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crack
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cradle
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craft
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cram
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crane
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crash
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crater
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crawl
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crazy
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cream
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credit
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creek
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crew
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cricket
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crime
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crisp
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critic
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crop
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cross
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crouch
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crowd
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crucial
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cruel
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cruise
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crumble
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crunch
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crush
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|
cry
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crystal
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cube
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culture
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cup
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cupboard
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curious
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current
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curtain
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curve
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cushion
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custom
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cute
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cycle
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dad
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damage
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damp
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dance
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danger
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daring
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dash
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daughter
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dawn
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day
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deal
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debate
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debris
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decade
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december
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decide
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decline
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decorate
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decrease
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deer
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defense
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define
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defy
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degree
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delay
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deliver
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demand
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demise
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denial
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dentist
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deny
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depart
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depend
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deposit
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depth
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deputy
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derive
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describe
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desert
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design
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desk
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despair
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destroy
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detail
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detect
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|
develop
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device
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devote
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diagram
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|
dial
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|
diamond
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diary
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|
dice
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|
diesel
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diet
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differ
|
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digital
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dignity
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dilemma
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dinner
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dinosaur
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|
direct
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dirt
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|
disagree
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|
discover
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|
disease
|
|
dish
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|
dismiss
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|
disorder
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|
display
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|
distance
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|
divert
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|
divide
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|
divorce
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|
dizzy
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|
doctor
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|
document
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|
dog
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|
doll
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|
dolphin
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|
domain
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|
donate
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|
donkey
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|
donor
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|
door
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|
dose
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|
double
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dove
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|
draft
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|
dragon
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|
drama
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drastic
|
|
draw
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|
dream
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|
dress
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|
drift
|
|
drill
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|
drink
|
|
drip
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|
drive
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|
drop
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|
drum
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|
dry
|
|
duck
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|
dumb
|
|
dune
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|
during
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|
dust
|
|
dutch
|
|
duty
|
|
dwarf
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|
dynamic
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|
eager
|
|
eagle
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|
early
|
|
earn
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|
earth
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|
easily
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|
east
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|
easy
|
|
echo
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|
ecology
|
|
economy
|
|
edge
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|
edit
|
|
educate
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|
effort
|
|
egg
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|
eight
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|
either
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|
elbow
|
|
elder
|
|
electric
|
|
elegant
|
|
element
|
|
elephant
|
|
elevator
|
|
elite
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|
else
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|
embark
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|
embody
|
|
embrace
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|
emerge
|
|
emotion
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|
employ
|
|
empower
|
|
empty
|
|
enable
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|
enact
|
|
end
|
|
endless
|
|
endorse
|
|
enemy
|
|
energy
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|
enforce
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|
engage
|
|
engine
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|
enhance
|
|
enjoy
|
|
enlist
|
|
enough
|
|
enrich
|
|
enroll
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|
ensure
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|
enter
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|
entire
|
|
entry
|
|
envelope
|
|
episode
|
|
equal
|
|
equip
|
|
era
|
|
erase
|
|
erode
|
|
erosion
|
|
error
|
|
erupt
|
|
escape
|
|
essay
|
|
essence
|
|
estate
|
|
eternal
|
|
ethics
|
|
evidence
|
|
evil
|
|
evoke
|
|
evolve
|
|
exact
|
|
example
|
|
excess
|
|
exchange
|
|
excite
|
|
exclude
|
|
excuse
|
|
execute
|
|
exercise
|
|
exhaust
|
|
exhibit
|
|
exile
|
|
exist
|
|
exit
|
|
exotic
|
|
expand
|
|
expect
|
|
expire
|
|
explain
|
|
expose
|
|
express
|
|
extend
|
|
extra
|
|
eye
|
|
eyebrow
|
|
fabric
|
|
face
|
|
faculty
|
|
fade
|
|
faint
|
|
faith
|
|
fall
|
|
false
|
|
fame
|
|
family
|
|
famous
|
|
fan
|
|
fancy
|
|
fantasy
|
|
farm
|
|
fashion
|
|
fat
|
|
fatal
|
|
father
|
|
fatigue
|
|
fault
|
|
favorite
|
|
feature
|
|
february
|
|
federal
|
|
fee
|
|
feed
|
|
feel
|
|
female
|
|
fence
|
|
festival
|
|
fetch
|
|
fever
|
|
few
|
|
fiber
|
|
fiction
|
|
field
|
|
figure
|
|
file
|
|
film
|
|
filter
|
|
final
|
|
find
|
|
fine
|
|
finger
|
|
finish
|
|
fire
|
|
firm
|
|
first
|
|
fiscal
|
|
fish
|
|
fit
|
|
fitness
|
|
fix
|
|
flag
|
|
flame
|
|
flash
|
|
flat
|
|
flavor
|
|
flee
|
|
flight
|
|
flip
|
|
float
|
|
flock
|
|
floor
|
|
flower
|
|
fluid
|
|
flush
|
|
fly
|
|
foam
|
|
focus
|
|
fog
|
|
foil
|
|
fold
|
|
follow
|
|
food
|
|
foot
|
|
force
|
|
forest
|
|
forget
|
|
fork
|
|
fortune
|
|
forum
|
|
forward
|
|
fossil
|
|
foster
|
|
found
|
|
fox
|
|
fragile
|
|
frame
|
|
frequent
|
|
fresh
|
|
friend
|
|
fringe
|
|
frog
|
|
front
|
|
frost
|
|
frown
|
|
frozen
|
|
fruit
|
|
fuel
|
|
fun
|
|
funny
|
|
furnace
|
|
fury
|
|
future
|
|
gadget
|
|
gain
|
|
galaxy
|
|
gallery
|
|
game
|
|
gap
|
|
garage
|
|
garbage
|
|
garden
|
|
garlic
|
|
garment
|
|
gas
|
|
gasp
|
|
gate
|
|
gather
|
|
gauge
|
|
gaze
|
|
general
|
|
genius
|
|
genre
|
|
gentle
|
|
genuine
|
|
gesture
|
|
ghost
|
|
giant
|
|
gift
|
|
giggle
|
|
ginger
|
|
giraffe
|
|
girl
|
|
give
|
|
glad
|
|
glance
|
|
glare
|
|
glass
|
|
glide
|
|
glimpse
|
|
globe
|
|
gloom
|
|
glory
|
|
glove
|
|
glow
|
|
glue
|
|
goat
|
|
goddess
|
|
gold
|
|
good
|
|
goose
|
|
gorilla
|
|
gospel
|
|
gossip
|
|
govern
|
|
gown
|
|
grab
|
|
grace
|
|
grain
|
|
grant
|
|
grape
|
|
grass
|
|
gravity
|
|
great
|
|
green
|
|
grid
|
|
grief
|
|
grit
|
|
grocery
|
|
group
|
|
grow
|
|
grunt
|
|
guard
|
|
guess
|
|
guide
|
|
guilt
|
|
guitar
|
|
gun
|
|
gym
|
|
habit
|
|
hair
|
|
half
|
|
hammer
|
|
hamster
|
|
hand
|
|
happy
|
|
harbor
|
|
hard
|
|
harsh
|
|
harvest
|
|
hat
|
|
have
|
|
hawk
|
|
hazard
|
|
head
|
|
health
|
|
heart
|
|
heavy
|
|
hedgehog
|
|
height
|
|
hello
|
|
helmet
|
|
help
|
|
hen
|
|
hero
|
|
hidden
|
|
high
|
|
hill
|
|
hint
|
|
hip
|
|
hire
|
|
history
|
|
hobby
|
|
hockey
|
|
hold
|
|
hole
|
|
holiday
|
|
hollow
|
|
home
|
|
honey
|
|
hood
|
|
hope
|
|
horn
|
|
horror
|
|
horse
|
|
hospital
|
|
host
|
|
hotel
|
|
hour
|
|
hover
|
|
hub
|
|
huge
|
|
human
|
|
humble
|
|
humor
|
|
hundred
|
|
hungry
|
|
hunt
|
|
hurdle
|
|
hurry
|
|
hurt
|
|
husband
|
|
hybrid
|
|
ice
|
|
icon
|
|
idea
|
|
identify
|
|
idle
|
|
ignore
|
|
ill
|
|
illegal
|
|
illness
|
|
image
|
|
imitate
|
|
immense
|
|
immune
|
|
impact
|
|
impose
|
|
improve
|
|
impulse
|
|
inch
|
|
include
|
|
income
|
|
increase
|
|
index
|
|
indicate
|
|
indoor
|
|
industry
|
|
infant
|
|
inflict
|
|
inform
|
|
inhale
|
|
inherit
|
|
initial
|
|
inject
|
|
injury
|
|
inmate
|
|
inner
|
|
innocent
|
|
input
|
|
inquiry
|
|
insane
|
|
insect
|
|
inside
|
|
inspire
|
|
install
|
|
intact
|
|
interest
|
|
into
|
|
invest
|
|
invite
|
|
involve
|
|
iron
|
|
island
|
|
isolate
|
|
issue
|
|
item
|
|
ivory
|
|
jacket
|
|
jaguar
|
|
jar
|
|
jazz
|
|
jealous
|
|
jeans
|
|
jelly
|
|
jewel
|
|
job
|
|
join
|
|
joke
|
|
journey
|
|
joy
|
|
judge
|
|
juice
|
|
jump
|
|
jungle
|
|
junior
|
|
junk
|
|
just
|
|
kangaroo
|
|
keen
|
|
keep
|
|
ketchup
|
|
key
|
|
kick
|
|
kid
|
|
kidney
|
|
kind
|
|
kingdom
|
|
kiss
|
|
kit
|
|
kitchen
|
|
kite
|
|
kitten
|
|
kiwi
|
|
knee
|
|
knife
|
|
knock
|
|
know
|
|
lab
|
|
label
|
|
labor
|
|
ladder
|
|
lady
|
|
lake
|
|
lamp
|
|
language
|
|
laptop
|
|
large
|
|
later
|
|
latin
|
|
laugh
|
|
laundry
|
|
lava
|
|
law
|
|
lawn
|
|
lawsuit
|
|
layer
|
|
lazy
|
|
leader
|
|
leaf
|
|
learn
|
|
leave
|
|
lecture
|
|
left
|
|
leg
|
|
legal
|
|
legend
|
|
leisure
|
|
lemon
|
|
lend
|
|
length
|
|
lens
|
|
leopard
|
|
lesson
|
|
letter
|
|
level
|
|
liar
|
|
liberty
|
|
library
|
|
license
|
|
life
|
|
lift
|
|
light
|
|
like
|
|
limb
|
|
limit
|
|
link
|
|
lion
|
|
liquid
|
|
list
|
|
little
|
|
live
|
|
lizard
|
|
load
|
|
loan
|
|
lobster
|
|
local
|
|
lock
|
|
logic
|
|
lonely
|
|
long
|
|
loop
|
|
lottery
|
|
loud
|
|
lounge
|
|
love
|
|
loyal
|
|
lucky
|
|
luggage
|
|
lumber
|
|
lunar
|
|
lunch
|
|
luxury
|
|
lyrics
|
|
machine
|
|
mad
|
|
magic
|
|
magnet
|
|
maid
|
|
mail
|
|
main
|
|
major
|
|
make
|
|
mammal
|
|
man
|
|
manage
|
|
mandate
|
|
mango
|
|
mansion
|
|
manual
|
|
maple
|
|
marble
|
|
march
|
|
margin
|
|
marine
|
|
market
|
|
marriage
|
|
mask
|
|
mass
|
|
master
|
|
match
|
|
material
|
|
math
|
|
matrix
|
|
matter
|
|
maximum
|
|
maze
|
|
meadow
|
|
mean
|
|
measure
|
|
meat
|
|
mechanic
|
|
medal
|
|
media
|
|
melody
|
|
melt
|
|
member
|
|
memory
|
|
mention
|
|
menu
|
|
mercy
|
|
merge
|
|
merit
|
|
merry
|
|
mesh
|
|
message
|
|
metal
|
|
method
|
|
middle
|
|
midnight
|
|
milk
|
|
million
|
|
mimic
|
|
mind
|
|
minimum
|
|
minor
|
|
minute
|
|
miracle
|
|
mirror
|
|
misery
|
|
miss
|
|
mistake
|
|
mix
|
|
mixed
|
|
mixture
|
|
mobile
|
|
model
|
|
modify
|
|
mom
|
|
moment
|
|
monitor
|
|
monkey
|
|
monster
|
|
month
|
|
moon
|
|
moral
|
|
more
|
|
morning
|
|
mosquito
|
|
mother
|
|
motion
|
|
motor
|
|
mountain
|
|
mouse
|
|
move
|
|
movie
|
|
much
|
|
muffin
|
|
mule
|
|
multiply
|
|
muscle
|
|
museum
|
|
mushroom
|
|
music
|
|
must
|
|
mutual
|
|
myself
|
|
mystery
|
|
myth
|
|
naive
|
|
name
|
|
napkin
|
|
narrow
|
|
nasty
|
|
nation
|
|
nature
|
|
near
|
|
neck
|
|
need
|
|
negative
|
|
neglect
|
|
neither
|
|
nephew
|
|
nerve
|
|
nest
|
|
net
|
|
network
|
|
neutral
|
|
never
|
|
news
|
|
next
|
|
nice
|
|
night
|
|
noble
|
|
noise
|
|
nominee
|
|
noodle
|
|
normal
|
|
north
|
|
nose
|
|
notable
|
|
note
|
|
nothing
|
|
notice
|
|
novel
|
|
now
|
|
nuclear
|
|
number
|
|
nurse
|
|
nut
|
|
oak
|
|
obey
|
|
object
|
|
oblige
|
|
obscure
|
|
observe
|
|
obtain
|
|
obvious
|
|
occur
|
|
ocean
|
|
october
|
|
odor
|
|
off
|
|
offer
|
|
office
|
|
often
|
|
oil
|
|
okay
|
|
old
|
|
olive
|
|
olympic
|
|
omit
|
|
once
|
|
one
|
|
onion
|
|
online
|
|
only
|
|
open
|
|
opera
|
|
opinion
|
|
oppose
|
|
option
|
|
orange
|
|
orbit
|
|
orchard
|
|
order
|
|
ordinary
|
|
organ
|
|
orient
|
|
original
|
|
orphan
|
|
ostrich
|
|
other
|
|
outdoor
|
|
outer
|
|
output
|
|
outside
|
|
oval
|
|
oven
|
|
over
|
|
own
|
|
owner
|
|
oxygen
|
|
oyster
|
|
ozone
|
|
pact
|
|
paddle
|
|
page
|
|
pair
|
|
palace
|
|
palm
|
|
panda
|
|
panel
|
|
panic
|
|
panther
|
|
paper
|
|
parade
|
|
parent
|
|
park
|
|
parrot
|
|
party
|
|
pass
|
|
patch
|
|
path
|
|
patient
|
|
patrol
|
|
pattern
|
|
pause
|
|
pave
|
|
payment
|
|
peace
|
|
peanut
|
|
pear
|
|
peasant
|
|
pelican
|
|
pen
|
|
penalty
|
|
pencil
|
|
people
|
|
pepper
|
|
perfect
|
|
permit
|
|
person
|
|
pet
|
|
phone
|
|
photo
|
|
phrase
|
|
physical
|
|
piano
|
|
picnic
|
|
picture
|
|
piece
|
|
pig
|
|
pigeon
|
|
pill
|
|
pilot
|
|
pink
|
|
pioneer
|
|
pipe
|
|
pistol
|
|
pitch
|
|
pizza
|
|
place
|
|
planet
|
|
plastic
|
|
plate
|
|
play
|
|
please
|
|
pledge
|
|
pluck
|
|
plug
|
|
plunge
|
|
poem
|
|
poet
|
|
point
|
|
polar
|
|
pole
|
|
police
|
|
pond
|
|
pony
|
|
pool
|
|
popular
|
|
portion
|
|
position
|
|
possible
|
|
post
|
|
potato
|
|
pottery
|
|
poverty
|
|
powder
|
|
power
|
|
practice
|
|
praise
|
|
predict
|
|
prefer
|
|
prepare
|
|
present
|
|
pretty
|
|
prevent
|
|
price
|
|
pride
|
|
primary
|
|
print
|
|
priority
|
|
prison
|
|
private
|
|
prize
|
|
problem
|
|
process
|
|
produce
|
|
profit
|
|
program
|
|
project
|
|
promote
|
|
proof
|
|
property
|
|
prosper
|
|
protect
|
|
proud
|
|
provide
|
|
public
|
|
pudding
|
|
pull
|
|
pulp
|
|
pulse
|
|
pumpkin
|
|
punch
|
|
pupil
|
|
puppy
|
|
purchase
|
|
purity
|
|
purpose
|
|
purse
|
|
push
|
|
put
|
|
puzzle
|
|
pyramid
|
|
quality
|
|
quantum
|
|
quarter
|
|
question
|
|
quick
|
|
quit
|
|
quiz
|
|
quote
|
|
rabbit
|
|
raccoon
|
|
race
|
|
rack
|
|
radar
|
|
radio
|
|
rail
|
|
rain
|
|
raise
|
|
rally
|
|
ramp
|
|
ranch
|
|
random
|
|
range
|
|
rapid
|
|
rare
|
|
rate
|
|
rather
|
|
raven
|
|
raw
|
|
razor
|
|
ready
|
|
real
|
|
reason
|
|
rebel
|
|
rebuild
|
|
recall
|
|
receive
|
|
recipe
|
|
record
|
|
recycle
|
|
reduce
|
|
reflect
|
|
reform
|
|
refuse
|
|
region
|
|
regret
|
|
regular
|
|
reject
|
|
relax
|
|
release
|
|
relief
|
|
rely
|
|
remain
|
|
remember
|
|
remind
|
|
remove
|
|
render
|
|
renew
|
|
rent
|
|
reopen
|
|
repair
|
|
repeat
|
|
replace
|
|
report
|
|
require
|
|
rescue
|
|
resemble
|
|
resist
|
|
resource
|
|
response
|
|
result
|
|
retire
|
|
retreat
|
|
return
|
|
reunion
|
|
reveal
|
|
review
|
|
reward
|
|
rhythm
|
|
rib
|
|
ribbon
|
|
rice
|
|
rich
|
|
ride
|
|
ridge
|
|
rifle
|
|
right
|
|
rigid
|
|
ring
|
|
riot
|
|
ripple
|
|
risk
|
|
ritual
|
|
rival
|
|
river
|
|
road
|
|
roast
|
|
robot
|
|
robust
|
|
rocket
|
|
romance
|
|
roof
|
|
rookie
|
|
room
|
|
rose
|
|
rotate
|
|
rough
|
|
round
|
|
route
|
|
royal
|
|
rubber
|
|
rude
|
|
rug
|
|
rule
|
|
run
|
|
runway
|
|
rural
|
|
sad
|
|
saddle
|
|
sadness
|
|
safe
|
|
sail
|
|
salad
|
|
salmon
|
|
salon
|
|
salt
|
|
salute
|
|
same
|
|
sample
|
|
sand
|
|
satisfy
|
|
satoshi
|
|
sauce
|
|
sausage
|
|
save
|
|
say
|
|
scale
|
|
scan
|
|
scare
|
|
scatter
|
|
scene
|
|
scheme
|
|
school
|
|
science
|
|
scissors
|
|
scorpion
|
|
scout
|
|
scrap
|
|
screen
|
|
script
|
|
scrub
|
|
sea
|
|
search
|
|
season
|
|
seat
|
|
second
|
|
secret
|
|
section
|
|
security
|
|
seed
|
|
seek
|
|
segment
|
|
select
|
|
sell
|
|
seminar
|
|
senior
|
|
sense
|
|
sentence
|
|
series
|
|
service
|
|
session
|
|
settle
|
|
setup
|
|
seven
|
|
shadow
|
|
shaft
|
|
shallow
|
|
share
|
|
shed
|
|
shell
|
|
sheriff
|
|
shield
|
|
shift
|
|
shine
|
|
ship
|
|
shiver
|
|
shock
|
|
shoe
|
|
shoot
|
|
shop
|
|
short
|
|
shoulder
|
|
shove
|
|
shrimp
|
|
shrug
|
|
shuffle
|
|
shy
|
|
sibling
|
|
sick
|
|
side
|
|
siege
|
|
sight
|
|
sign
|
|
silent
|
|
silk
|
|
silly
|
|
silver
|
|
similar
|
|
simple
|
|
since
|
|
sing
|
|
siren
|
|
sister
|
|
situate
|
|
six
|
|
size
|
|
skate
|
|
sketch
|
|
ski
|
|
skill
|
|
skin
|
|
skirt
|
|
skull
|
|
slab
|
|
slam
|
|
sleep
|
|
slender
|
|
slice
|
|
slide
|
|
slight
|
|
slim
|
|
slogan
|
|
slot
|
|
slow
|
|
slush
|
|
small
|
|
smart
|
|
smile
|
|
smoke
|
|
smooth
|
|
snack
|
|
snake
|
|
snap
|
|
sniff
|
|
snow
|
|
soap
|
|
soccer
|
|
social
|
|
sock
|
|
soda
|
|
soft
|
|
solar
|
|
soldier
|
|
solid
|
|
solution
|
|
solve
|
|
someone
|
|
song
|
|
soon
|
|
sorry
|
|
sort
|
|
soul
|
|
sound
|
|
soup
|
|
source
|
|
south
|
|
space
|
|
spare
|
|
spatial
|
|
spawn
|
|
speak
|
|
special
|
|
speed
|
|
spell
|
|
spend
|
|
sphere
|
|
spice
|
|
spider
|
|
spike
|
|
spin
|
|
spirit
|
|
split
|
|
spoil
|
|
sponsor
|
|
spoon
|
|
sport
|
|
spot
|
|
spray
|
|
spread
|
|
spring
|
|
spy
|
|
square
|
|
squeeze
|
|
squirrel
|
|
stable
|
|
stadium
|
|
staff
|
|
stage
|
|
stairs
|
|
stamp
|
|
stand
|
|
start
|
|
state
|
|
stay
|
|
steak
|
|
steel
|
|
stem
|
|
step
|
|
stereo
|
|
stick
|
|
still
|
|
sting
|
|
stock
|
|
stomach
|
|
stone
|
|
stool
|
|
story
|
|
stove
|
|
strategy
|
|
street
|
|
strike
|
|
strong
|
|
struggle
|
|
student
|
|
stuff
|
|
stumble
|
|
style
|
|
subject
|
|
submit
|
|
subway
|
|
success
|
|
such
|
|
sudden
|
|
suffer
|
|
sugar
|
|
suggest
|
|
suit
|
|
summer
|
|
sun
|
|
sunny
|
|
sunset
|
|
super
|
|
supply
|
|
supreme
|
|
sure
|
|
surface
|
|
surge
|
|
surprise
|
|
surround
|
|
survey
|
|
suspect
|
|
sustain
|
|
swallow
|
|
swamp
|
|
swap
|
|
swarm
|
|
swear
|
|
sweet
|
|
swift
|
|
swim
|
|
swing
|
|
switch
|
|
sword
|
|
symbol
|
|
symptom
|
|
syrup
|
|
system
|
|
table
|
|
tackle
|
|
tag
|
|
tail
|
|
talent
|
|
talk
|
|
tank
|
|
tape
|
|
target
|
|
task
|
|
taste
|
|
tattoo
|
|
taxi
|
|
teach
|
|
team
|
|
tell
|
|
ten
|
|
tenant
|
|
tennis
|
|
tent
|
|
term
|
|
test
|
|
text
|
|
thank
|
|
that
|
|
theme
|
|
then
|
|
theory
|
|
there
|
|
they
|
|
thing
|
|
this
|
|
thought
|
|
three
|
|
thrive
|
|
throw
|
|
thumb
|
|
thunder
|
|
ticket
|
|
tide
|
|
tiger
|
|
tilt
|
|
timber
|
|
time
|
|
tiny
|
|
tip
|
|
tired
|
|
tissue
|
|
title
|
|
toast
|
|
tobacco
|
|
today
|
|
toddler
|
|
toe
|
|
together
|
|
toilet
|
|
token
|
|
tomato
|
|
tomorrow
|
|
tone
|
|
tongue
|
|
tonight
|
|
tool
|
|
tooth
|
|
top
|
|
topic
|
|
topple
|
|
torch
|
|
tornado
|
|
tortoise
|
|
toss
|
|
total
|
|
tourist
|
|
toward
|
|
tower
|
|
town
|
|
toy
|
|
track
|
|
trade
|
|
traffic
|
|
tragic
|
|
train
|
|
transfer
|
|
trap
|
|
trash
|
|
travel
|
|
tray
|
|
treat
|
|
tree
|
|
trend
|
|
trial
|
|
tribe
|
|
trick
|
|
trigger
|
|
trim
|
|
trip
|
|
trophy
|
|
trouble
|
|
truck
|
|
true
|
|
truly
|
|
trumpet
|
|
trust
|
|
truth
|
|
try
|
|
tube
|
|
tuition
|
|
tumble
|
|
tuna
|
|
tunnel
|
|
turkey
|
|
turn
|
|
turtle
|
|
twelve
|
|
twenty
|
|
twice
|
|
twin
|
|
twist
|
|
two
|
|
type
|
|
typical
|
|
ugly
|
|
umbrella
|
|
unable
|
|
unaware
|
|
uncle
|
|
uncover
|
|
under
|
|
undo
|
|
unfair
|
|
unfold
|
|
unhappy
|
|
uniform
|
|
unique
|
|
unit
|
|
universe
|
|
unknown
|
|
unlock
|
|
until
|
|
unusual
|
|
unveil
|
|
update
|
|
upgrade
|
|
uphold
|
|
upon
|
|
upper
|
|
upset
|
|
urban
|
|
urge
|
|
usage
|
|
use
|
|
used
|
|
useful
|
|
useless
|
|
usual
|
|
utility
|
|
vacant
|
|
vacuum
|
|
vague
|
|
valid
|
|
valley
|
|
valve
|
|
van
|
|
vanish
|
|
vapor
|
|
various
|
|
vast
|
|
vault
|
|
vehicle
|
|
velvet
|
|
vendor
|
|
venture
|
|
venue
|
|
verb
|
|
verify
|
|
version
|
|
very
|
|
vessel
|
|
veteran
|
|
viable
|
|
vibrant
|
|
vicious
|
|
victory
|
|
video
|
|
view
|
|
village
|
|
vintage
|
|
violin
|
|
virtual
|
|
virus
|
|
visa
|
|
visit
|
|
visual
|
|
vital
|
|
vivid
|
|
vocal
|
|
voice
|
|
void
|
|
volcano
|
|
volume
|
|
vote
|
|
voyage
|
|
wage
|
|
wagon
|
|
wait
|
|
walk
|
|
wall
|
|
walnut
|
|
want
|
|
warfare
|
|
warm
|
|
warrior
|
|
wash
|
|
wasp
|
|
waste
|
|
water
|
|
wave
|
|
way
|
|
wealth
|
|
weapon
|
|
wear
|
|
weasel
|
|
weather
|
|
web
|
|
wedding
|
|
weekend
|
|
weird
|
|
welcome
|
|
west
|
|
wet
|
|
whale
|
|
what
|
|
wheat
|
|
wheel
|
|
when
|
|
where
|
|
whip
|
|
whisper
|
|
wide
|
|
width
|
|
wife
|
|
wild
|
|
will
|
|
win
|
|
window
|
|
wine
|
|
wing
|
|
wink
|
|
winner
|
|
winter
|
|
wire
|
|
wisdom
|
|
wise
|
|
wish
|
|
witness
|
|
wolf
|
|
woman
|
|
wonder
|
|
wood
|
|
wool
|
|
word
|
|
work
|
|
world
|
|
worry
|
|
worth
|
|
wrap
|
|
wreck
|
|
wrestle
|
|
wrist
|
|
write
|
|
wrong
|
|
yard
|
|
year
|
|
yellow
|
|
you
|
|
young
|
|
youth
|
|
zebra
|
|
zero
|
|
zone
|
|
zoo`
|