2020-04-02 12:36:04 +00:00
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< / script > < / nav > < / div > < div class = "container mainContainer docsContainer" > < div class = "wrapper" > < div class = "post" > < header class = "postHeader" > < a class = "edit-page-link button" href = "https://github.com/bitcoin-s/bitcoin-s/blob/master/docs/key-manager/key-manager.md" target = "_blank" rel = "noreferrer noopener" > Edit< / a > < h1 id = "__docusaurus" class = "postHeaderTitle" > Key Manager< / h1 > < / header > < article > < div > < span > < h3 > < a class = "anchor" aria-hidden = "true" id = "key-manager" > < / a > < a href = "#key-manager" aria-hidden = "true" class = "hash-link" > < svg class = "hash-link-icon" aria-hidden = "true" height = "16" version = "1.1" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" width = "16" > < path fill-rule = "evenodd" d = "M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z" > < / path > < / svg > < / a > Key Manager< / h3 >
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< p > The key manager module's goal is to encapusulate all private key interactions with the < a href = "/docs/next/wallet/wallet" > wallet< / a > project.< / p >
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< p > As of this writing, there is only one type of < code > KeyManager< / code > - < a href = "../../key-manager/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/keymanager/bip39/BIP39KeyManager.scala" > < code > BIP39KeyManager< / code > < / a > .< / p >
< p > The < a href = "../../key-manager/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/keymanager/bip39/BIP39KeyManager.scala" > < code > BIP39KeyManager< / code > < / a > stores a < a href = "../../core/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/core/crypto/MnemonicCode.scala" > < code > MnemonicCode< / code > < / a > on disk which can be decrypted and used as a hot wallet.< / p >
< p > Over the long run, we want to make it so that the wallet project needs to communicate with the key-manager to access private keys.< / p >
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< p > This means that ALL SIGNING should be done inside of the key-manager, and private keys should not leave the key manager.< / p >
< p > This makes it easier to reason about the security characteristics of our private keys, and a way to provide a uniform interface for alternative key storage systems (hsm, cloud based key storage, etc) to be plugged into the bitcoin-s library.< / p >
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< h3 > < a class = "anchor" aria-hidden = "true" id = "disclaimer" > < / a > < a href = "#disclaimer" aria-hidden = "true" class = "hash-link" > < svg class = "hash-link-icon" aria-hidden = "true" height = "16" version = "1.1" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" width = "16" > < path fill-rule = "evenodd" d = "M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z" > < / path > < / svg > < / a > Disclaimer< / h3 >
< p > Currently bip39 password is supported at the library level, but is not supported for end users using the server project.
< a href = "https://github.com/bitcoin-s/bitcoin-s/blob/e387d075b0ff2e0a0fec15788fcb48e4ddc4d9d5/app/server/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/server/Main.scala#L53" > You can see that the bip39 password is hard coded to < code > None< / code > here< / a > .< / p >
< p > There is a password that is used to encrypt your mnemonic seed on disk, but that password is hard coded to a default value.
THIS MEANS THAT YOUR MNEMONIC SEED CAN TRIVIALLY BE STOLEN IF AN ATTACKER CAN ACCESS YOUR HARD DRIVE.
TAKE PROPER OPSEC PRECAUTIONS.< / p >
< p > Overall the key manager module should be considered insecure. For this release, it is more about setting up the module
as a logical distinction for further development in subsequent releases.< / p >
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< h4 > < a class = "anchor" aria-hidden = "true" id = "creating-a-key-manager" > < / a > < a href = "#creating-a-key-manager" aria-hidden = "true" class = "hash-link" > < svg class = "hash-link-icon" aria-hidden = "true" height = "16" version = "1.1" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" width = "16" > < path fill-rule = "evenodd" d = "M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z" > < / path > < / svg > < / a > Creating a key manager< / h4 >
< p > The first thing you need create a key manager is some entropy.< / p >
< p > A popular way for bitcoin wallet's to represent entropy is < a href = "https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039.mediawiki" > BIP39< / a > which you < a href = "../../core/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/core/crypto/BIP39Seed.scala" > can use in bitcoin-s< / a > < / p >
< p > You can generate a < code > MnemonicCode< / code > in bitcoin-s with the following code< / p >
< pre > < code class = "hljs css language-scala" > < span class = "hljs-keyword" > import< / span > org.bitcoins.core.crypto._
< span class = "hljs-comment" > //get 256 bits of random entropy< / span >
< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > entropy = < span class = "hljs-type" > MnemonicCode< / span > .getEntropy256Bits
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // entropy: scodec.bits.BitVector = BitVector(256 bits, 0xff9772105366329fba6e0fc50d9681309f3696daa4da5646394a8e0128db0b04)< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > mnemonic = < span class = "hljs-type" > MnemonicCode< / span > .fromEntropy(entropy)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // mnemonic: MnemonicCode = Masked(MnemonicCodeImpl)< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > //you can print that mnemonic seed with this< / span >
println(mnemonic.words)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // Vector(zebra, romance, lottery, plug, glimpse, exist, trust, sea, shallow, hole, park, gentle, vibrant, enter, hedgehog, opera, film, crack, famous, bright, barely, horn, clown, orbit)< / span >
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Now that we have a < code > MnemonicCode< / code > that was securely generated, we need to now create < code > KeyManagerParams< / code > which tells us how to generate
generate specific kinds of addresses for wallets.< / p >
< p > < code > KeyManagerParams< / code > takes 3 parameters:< / p >
< ol >
< li > < code > seedPath< / code > there is where we store the < code > MnemonicCode< / code > on your file system< / li >
< li > < a href = "../../core/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/core/hd/HDPurpose.scala" > < code > purpose< / code > < / a > which represents what type of utxo this < code > KeyManager< / code > is associated with. The specification for this is in < a href = "https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0043.mediawiki" > BIP43< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../../core/src/main/scala/org/bitcoins/core/config/NetworkParameters.scala" > < code > network< / code > < / a > what cryptocurrency network this key manager is associated with< / li >
< / ol >
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< p > This controls how the root key is defined. The combination of < code > purpose< / code > and < code > network< / code > determine how the root < code > ExtKey< / code > is serialized. For more information on how this works please see < a href = "/docs/next/core/hd-keys" > hd-keys< / a > < / p >
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< p > Now we can construct a native segwit key manager for the regtest network!< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "hljs css language-scala" > < span class = "hljs-comment" > //this will create a temp directory with the prefix 'key-manager-example` that will< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > //have a file in it called "encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json"< / span >
< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > seedPath = < span class = "hljs-type" > Files< / span > .createTempDirectory(< span class = "hljs-string" > "key-manager-example"< / span > ).resolve(< span class = "hljs-type" > WalletStorage< / span > .< span class = "hljs-type" > ENCRYPTED_SEED_FILE_NAME< / span > )
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // seedPath: Path = /tmp/key-manager-example4021532250863577931/encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > //let's create a native segwit key manager< / span >
< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > purpose = < span class = "hljs-type" > HDPurposes< / span > .< span class = "hljs-type" > SegWit< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // purpose: HDPurpose = m/84'< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > //let's choose regtest as our network< / span >
< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > network = < span class = "hljs-type" > RegTest< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > // network: RegTest.type = RegTest< / span >
< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > kmParams = < span class = "hljs-type" > KeyManagerParams< / span > (seedPath, purpose, network)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // kmParams: KeyManagerParams = KeyManagerParams(/tmp/key-manager-example4021532250863577931/encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json,m/84',RegTest)< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > km = < span class = "hljs-type" > BIP39KeyManager< / span > .initializeWithMnemonic(mnemonic, < span class = "hljs-type" > None< / span > , kmParams)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // km: Either[KeyManagerInitializeError, BIP39KeyManager] = Right(BIP39KeyManager(Masked(MnemonicCodeImpl),KeyManagerParams(/tmp/key-manager-example4021532250863577931/encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json,m/84',RegTest),None,2020-07-08T15:54:25Z))< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > rootXPub = km.right.get.getRootXPub
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // rootXPub: ExtPublicKey = vpub5SLqN2bLY4WeYrT4hVCFgjbyVup52nUEstUpJmFcodZM9g1pDZsK1uxKShfirtR51hp45a8MfyeGXnnpXNZrb497sxavepAQmFb3zWgZ4GW< / span >
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println(rootXPub)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // vpub5SLqN2bLY4WeYrT4hVCFgjbyVup52nUEstUpJmFcodZM9g1pDZsK1uxKShfirtR51hp45a8MfyeGXnnpXNZrb497sxavepAQmFb3zWgZ4GW< / span >
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Which should print something that looks like this< / p >
< p > < code > vpub5SLqN2bLY4WeXxMqwJHJFBEwxSscGB2uDUnsTS3edVjZEwTrQDFDNqoR2xLqARQPabGaXsHSTenTRcqm2EnB9MpuC4vSk3LqSgNmGGZtuq7< / code > < / p >
< p > which is a native segwit < code > ExtPubKey< / code > for the regtest network!< / p >
< p > You can always change the < code > network< / code > or < code > purpose< / code > to support different things. You do < em > not< / em > need to initialize the key manager
again after initializing it once. You can use the same < code > mnemonic< / code > for different networks, which you control < code > KeyManagerParams< / code > .< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "hljs css language-scala" > < span class = "hljs-comment" > //let's create a nested segwit key manager for mainnet< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > mainnetKmParams = < span class = "hljs-type" > KeyManagerParams< / span > (seedPath, < span class = "hljs-type" > HDPurposes< / span > .< span class = "hljs-type" > SegWit< / span > , < span class = "hljs-type" > MainNet< / span > )
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // mainnetKmParams: KeyManagerParams = KeyManagerParams(/tmp/key-manager-example4021532250863577931/encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json,m/84',MainNet)< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > //we do not need to all `initializeWithMnemonic()` again as we have saved the seed to dis< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > mainnetKeyManager = < span class = "hljs-type" > BIP39KeyManager< / span > (mnemonic, mainnetKmParams, < span class = "hljs-type" > None< / span > , < span class = "hljs-type" > Instant< / span > .now)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // mainnetKeyManager: BIP39KeyManager = BIP39KeyManager(Masked(MnemonicCodeImpl),KeyManagerParams(/tmp/key-manager-example4021532250863577931/encrypted-bitcoin-s-seed.json,m/84',MainNet),None,2020-07-08T15:54:26.740664Z)< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-keyword" > val< / span > mainnetXpub = mainnetKeyManager.getRootXPub
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // mainnetXpub: ExtPublicKey = zpub6jftahH18ngZx3DY2vLkX5yzBnProGSEYLZhSLqAKf4sN5GjECXZWAasXXW4rX2keGHH5UWbWd4U4wF5QADumzsXMKNczTSMr9qdYqvjZtF< / span >
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println(mainnetXpub)
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > // zpub6jftahH18ngZx3DY2vLkX5yzBnProGSEYLZhSLqAKf4sN5GjECXZWAasXXW4rX2keGHH5UWbWd4U4wF5QADumzsXMKNczTSMr9qdYqvjZtF< / span >
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Which gives us something that looks like this< / p >
< p > < code > zpub6jftahH18ngZw98KGjRo5XcxeKTQ2eztsvskb1dC9XF5TLimQquTs6Ry7nBBA425D9joXmfgJJCexmJ1u2SELJZJfRi95gcnXadLpZzYb5c< / code > < / p >
< p > which is a p2sh wrapped segwit < code > ExtPubKey< / code > for the bitcoin main network!< / p >
< h4 > < a class = "anchor" aria-hidden = "true" id = "creating-a-key-manager-from-existing-mnemonic" > < / a > < a href = "#creating-a-key-manager-from-existing-mnemonic" aria-hidden = "true" class = "hash-link" > < svg class = "hash-link-icon" aria-hidden = "true" height = "16" version = "1.1" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" width = "16" > < path fill-rule = "evenodd" d = "M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z" > < / path > < / svg > < / a > Creating a key manager from existing mnemonic< / h4 >
< p > To create a < code > KeyManager< / code > from existing mnemonic you need to specify the < code > seedPath< / code > and then construct the < code > KeyManagerParams< / code > that you would like.< / p >
< p > Finally you call < code > KeyManager.fromParams()< / code > that reads the mnemonic from disk and create's the key manager< / p >
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